Typo fix

Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+FROM golang:1.24-alpine AS builder
+
+WORKDIR /src
+COPY go.mod go.sum ./
+RUN go mod download
+
+COPY . .
+RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -trimpath -ldflags="-s -w" -o /out/collector  ./cmd/collector  && \
+    CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -trimpath -ldflags="-s -w" -o /out/aggregator ./cmd/aggregator && \
+    CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -trimpath -ldflags="-s -w" -o /out/frontend   ./cmd/frontend   && \
+    CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -trimpath -ldflags="-s -w" -o /out/cli        ./cmd/cli
+
+FROM scratch
+COPY --from=builder /out/ /usr/local/bin/

README.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-PREAMBLE
+## PREAMBLE
 
 Although this computer program has a permissive license (AP2.0), if you came here looking to ask
 questions, you're better off just moving on :) This program is shared AS-IS and really without any
@@ -8,417 +8,24 @@ Code.
 
 You have been warned :)
 
-SPECIFICATION
+![nginx-logtail frontend](docs/frontend.png)
 
-This project contains four programs:
+## What is this?
 
-1) A **collector** that tails any number of nginx log files and maintains an in-memory structure of
+This project consists of four components:
-`{website, client_prefix, http_request_uri, http_response}` counts across all files. It answers
+1. A log collector that tails NGINX (or Apache) logs of a certain format, and aggregates
-TopN and Trend queries via gRPC and pushes minute snapshots to the aggregator via server-streaming.
+   information per website, client address, status, and so on. It buckets these into windows
-Runs on each nginx machine in the cluster. No UI — gRPC interface only.
+   of 1min, 5min, 15min, 60min, 6hrs and 24hrs. It exposes this on a gRPC endpoint.
+1. An aggregator that can scrape any number of collectors into a merged regional (or global)
+   view. The aggregator exposes the same gRPC endpoint as the collectors.
+1. A Frontend that allows to query this data structure very quickly.
+1. A CLI that allows to query this data also, returning JSON for further processing.
 
-2) An **aggregator** that subscribes to the snapshot stream from all collectors, merges their data
+It's written in Go, and is meant to deploy collectors on any number of webservers, and central
-into a unified in-memory cache, and exposes the same gRPC interface. Answers questions like "what
+aggregation and frontend logic. It's released under [[APACHE](LICENSE)] license. It can be run
-is the busiest website globally", "which client prefix is causing the most HTTP 503s", and shows
+either as `systemd` units, or in Docker, or any combination of the two.
-trending information useful for DDoS detection. Runs on a central machine.
 
-3) An **HTTP frontend** companion to the aggregator that renders a drilldown dashboard. Operators
+See [[User Guide](docs/USERGUIDE.md)] or [[DETAILS](docs/DETAILS.md)] for more information.
-can restrict by `http_response=429`, then by `website=www.example.com`, and so on. Works with
-either a collector or aggregator as its backend. Zero JavaScript — server-rendered HTML with inline
-SVG sparklines and meta-refresh.
 
-4) A **CLI** for shell-based debugging. Sends `topn`, `trend`, and `stream` queries to any
+The [[docs/](docs/)] directory contains extensive planning information which shows how Claude
-collector or aggregator, fans out to multiple targets in parallel, and outputs human-readable
+Code single-shot implemented the whole system in March 2026.
-tables or newline-delimited JSON.
-
-Programs are written in Go. No CGO, no external runtime dependencies.
-
----
-
-DESIGN
-
-## Directory Layout
-
-```
-nginx-logtail/
-├── proto/
-│   ├── logtail.proto                  # shared protobuf definitions
-│   └── logtailpb/
-│       ├── logtail.pb.go              # generated: messages, enums
-│       └── logtail_grpc.pb.go         # generated: service stubs
-├── internal/
-│   └── store/
-│       └── store.go                   # shared types: Tuple6, Entry, Snapshot, ring helpers
-└── cmd/
-    ├── collector/
-    │   ├── main.go
-    │   ├── tailer.go                  # MultiTailer: tail N files via one shared fsnotify watcher
-    │   ├── parser.go                  # tab-separated logtail log_format parser (~50 ns/line)
-    │   ├── store.go                   # bounded top-K in-memory store + tiered ring buffers
-    │   └── server.go                  # gRPC server: TopN, Trend, StreamSnapshots
-    ├── aggregator/
-    │   ├── main.go
-    │   ├── subscriber.go              # one goroutine per collector; StreamSnapshots with backoff
-    │   ├── merger.go                  # delta-merge: O(snapshot_size) per update
-    │   ├── cache.go                   # tick-based ring buffer cache served to clients
-    │   ├── registry.go                # TargetRegistry: addr→name map updated from snapshot sources
-    │   └── server.go                  # gRPC server (same surface as collector)
-    ├── frontend/
-    │   ├── main.go
-    │   ├── handler.go                 # URL param parsing, concurrent TopN+Trend, template exec
-    │   ├── filter.go                  # ParseFilterExpr / FilterExprString mini filter language
-    │   ├── client.go                  # gRPC dial helper
-    │   ├── sparkline.go               # TrendPoints → inline SVG polyline
-    │   ├── format.go                  # fmtCount (space thousands separator)
-    │   └── templates/
-    │       ├── base.html              # outer HTML shell, inline CSS, meta-refresh
-    │       └── index.html             # window tabs, group-by tabs, breadcrumb, table, footer
-    └── cli/
-        ├── main.go                    # subcommand dispatch and usage
-        ├── flags.go                   # shared flags, parseTargets, buildFilter, parseWindow
-        ├── client.go                  # gRPC dial helper
-        ├── format.go                  # printTable, fmtCount, fmtTime, targetHeader
-        ├── cmd_topn.go                # topn: concurrent fan-out, table + JSON output
-        ├── cmd_trend.go               # trend: concurrent fan-out, table + JSON output
-        ├── cmd_stream.go              # stream: multiplexed streams, auto-reconnect
-        └── cmd_targets.go             # targets: list collectors known to the endpoint
-```
-
-## Data Model
-
-The core unit is a **count keyed by six dimensions**:
-
-| Field             | Description                                          | Example           |
-|-------------------|------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|
-| `website`         | nginx `$host`                                        | `www.example.com` |
-| `client_prefix`   | client IP truncated to /24 IPv4 or /48 IPv6          | `1.2.3.0/24`      |
-| `http_request_uri`| `$request_uri` path only — query string stripped     | `/api/v1/search`  |
-| `http_response`   | HTTP status code                                     | `429`             |
-| `is_tor`          | whether the client IP is a TOR exit node             | `1`               |
-| `asn`             | client AS number (MaxMind GeoIP2, 32-bit int)        | `8298`            |
-
-## Time Windows & Tiered Ring Buffers
-
-Two ring buffers at different resolutions cover all query windows up to 24 hours:
-
-| Tier   | Bucket size | Buckets | Top-K/bucket | Covers | Roll-up trigger     |
-|--------|-------------|---------|--------------|--------|---------------------|
-| Fine   | 1 min       | 60      | 50 000       | 1 h    | every minute        |
-| Coarse | 5 min       | 288     | 5 000        | 24 h   | every 5 fine ticks  |
-
-Supported query windows and which tier they read from:
-
-| Window | Tier   | Buckets summed |
-|--------|--------|----------------|
-| 1 min  | fine   | last 1         |
-| 5 min  | fine   | last 5         |
-| 15 min | fine   | last 15        |
-| 60 min | fine   | all 60         |
-| 6 h    | coarse | last 72        |
-| 24 h   | coarse | all 288        |
-
-Every minute: snapshot live map → top-50K → append to fine ring, reset live map.
-Every 5 minutes: merge last 5 fine snapshots → top-5K → append to coarse ring.
-
-## Memory Budget (Collector, target ≤ 1 GB)
-
-Entry size: ~30 B website + ~15 B prefix + ~50 B URI + 3 B status + 1 B is_tor + 4 B asn + 8 B count + ~80 B Go map
-overhead ≈ **~191 bytes per entry**.
-
-| Structure               | Entries     | Size        |
-|-------------------------|-------------|-------------|
-| Live map (capped)       | 100 000     | ~19 MB      |
-| Fine ring (60 × 1-min)  | 60 × 50 000 | ~558 MB     |
-| Coarse ring (288 × 5-min)| 288 × 5 000| ~268 MB     |
-| **Total**               |             | **~845 MB** |
-
-The live map is **hard-capped at 100 K entries**. Once full, only updates to existing keys are
-accepted; new keys are dropped until the next rotation resets the map. This keeps memory bounded
-regardless of attack cardinality.
-
-## Future Work — ClickHouse Export (post-MVP)
-
-> **Do not implement until the end-to-end MVP is running.**
-
-The aggregator will optionally write 1-minute pre-aggregated rows to ClickHouse for 7d/30d
-historical views. Schema sketch:
-
-```sql
-CREATE TABLE logtail (
-  ts            DateTime,
-  website       LowCardinality(String),
-  client_prefix String,
-  request_uri   LowCardinality(String),
-  status        UInt16,
-  count         UInt64
-) ENGINE = SummingMergeTree(count)
-PARTITION BY toYYYYMMDD(ts)
-ORDER BY (ts, website, status, client_prefix, request_uri);
-```
-
-The frontend routes `window=7d|30d` queries to ClickHouse; all shorter windows continue to use
-the in-memory cache. Kafka is not needed — the aggregator writes directly. This is purely additive
-and does not change any existing interface.
-
-## Protobuf API (`proto/logtail.proto`)
-
-```protobuf
-enum TorFilter { TOR_ANY = 0; TOR_YES = 1; TOR_NO = 2; }
-enum StatusOp  { EQ = 0; NE = 1; GT = 2; GE = 3; LT = 4; LE = 5; }
-
-message Filter {
-  optional string website          = 1;
-  optional string client_prefix    = 2;
-  optional string http_request_uri = 3;
-  optional int32  http_response    = 4;
-  StatusOp        status_op        = 5;  // comparison operator for http_response
-  optional string website_regex    = 6;  // RE2 regex against website
-  optional string uri_regex        = 7;  // RE2 regex against http_request_uri
-  TorFilter       tor              = 8;  // TOR_ANY (default) / TOR_YES / TOR_NO
-  optional int32  asn_number       = 9;  // filter by client ASN
-  StatusOp        asn_op           = 10; // comparison operator for asn_number
-}
-
-enum GroupBy { WEBSITE = 0; CLIENT_PREFIX = 1; REQUEST_URI = 2; HTTP_RESPONSE = 3; ASN_NUMBER = 4; }
-enum Window  { W1M = 0; W5M = 1; W15M = 2; W60M = 3; W6H = 4; W24H = 5; }
-
-message TopNRequest   { Filter filter = 1; GroupBy group_by = 2; int32 n = 3; Window window = 4; }
-message TopNEntry     { string label = 1; int64 count = 2; }
-message TopNResponse  { repeated TopNEntry entries = 1; string source = 2; }
-
-// Trend: one total count per minute (or 5-min) bucket, for sparklines
-message TrendRequest  { Filter filter = 1; Window window = 4; }
-message TrendPoint    { int64 timestamp_unix = 1; int64 count = 2; }
-message TrendResponse { repeated TrendPoint points = 1; string source = 2; }
-
-// Streaming: collector pushes a fine snapshot after every minute rotation
-message SnapshotRequest {}
-message Snapshot {
-  string             source    = 1;
-  int64              timestamp = 2;
-  repeated TopNEntry entries   = 3;  // full top-50K for this bucket
-}
-
-// Target discovery: list the collectors behind the queried endpoint
-message ListTargetsRequest {}
-message TargetInfo {
-  string name = 1;  // display name (--source value from the collector)
-  string addr = 2;  // gRPC address; empty string means "this endpoint itself"
-}
-message ListTargetsResponse { repeated TargetInfo targets = 1; }
-
-service LogtailService {
-  rpc TopN(TopNRequest)                returns (TopNResponse);
-  rpc Trend(TrendRequest)              returns (TrendResponse);
-  rpc StreamSnapshots(SnapshotRequest) returns (stream Snapshot);
-  rpc ListTargets(ListTargetsRequest)  returns (ListTargetsResponse);
-}
-// Both collector and aggregator implement LogtailService.
-// The aggregator's StreamSnapshots re-streams the merged view.
-// ListTargets: aggregator returns all configured collectors; collector returns itself.
-```
-
-## Program 1 — Collector
-
-### tailer.go
-- **`MultiTailer`**: one shared `fsnotify.Watcher` for all files regardless of count — avoids
-  the inotify instance limit when tailing hundreds of files.
-- On `WRITE` event: read all new lines from that file's `bufio.Reader`.
-- On `RENAME`/`REMOVE` (logrotate): drain old fd to EOF, close, start retry-open goroutine with
-  exponential backoff. Sends the new `*os.File` back via a channel to keep map access single-threaded.
-- Emits `LogRecord` structs on a shared buffered channel (capacity 200 K — absorbs ~20 s of peak).
-- Accepts paths via `--logs` (comma-separated or glob) and `--logs-file` (one path/glob per line).
-
-### parser.go
-- Parses the fixed **logtail** nginx log format — tab-separated, fixed field order, no quoting:
-
-  ```nginx
-  log_format logtail '$host\t$remote_addr\t$msec\t$request_method\t$request_uri\t$status\t$body_bytes_sent\t$request_time\t$is_tor\t$asn';
-  ```
-
-  | # | Field             | Used for         |
-  |---|-------------------|------------------|
-  | 0 | `$host`           | website          |
-  | 1 | `$remote_addr`    | client_prefix    |
-  | 2 | `$msec`           | (discarded)      |
-  | 3 | `$request_method` | (discarded)      |
-  | 4 | `$request_uri`    | http_request_uri |
-  | 5 | `$status`         | http_response    |
-  | 6 | `$body_bytes_sent`| (discarded)      |
-  | 7 | `$request_time`   | (discarded)      |
-  | 8 | `$is_tor`         | is_tor           |
-  | 9 | `$asn`            | asn              |
-
-- `strings.SplitN(line, "\t", 10)` — ~50 ns/line. No regex.
-- `$request_uri`: query string discarded at first `?`.
-- `$remote_addr`: truncated to /24 (IPv4) or /48 (IPv6); prefix lengths configurable via flags.
-- `$is_tor`: `1` if the client IP is a TOR exit node, `0` otherwise. Field is optional — lines
-  with exactly 8 fields (old format) are accepted and default to `is_tor=false`.
-- `$asn`: client AS number as a decimal integer (from MaxMind GeoIP2). Field is optional —
-  lines without it default to `asn=0`.
-- Lines with fewer than 8 fields are silently skipped.
-
-### store.go
-- **Single aggregator goroutine** reads from the channel and updates the live map — no locking on
-  the hot path. At 10 K lines/s the goroutine uses <1% CPU.
-- Live map: `map[Tuple6]int64`, hard-capped at 100 K entries (new keys dropped when full).
-- **Minute ticker**: heap-selects top-50K entries, writes snapshot to fine ring, resets live map.
-- Every 5 fine ticks: merge last 5 fine snapshots → top-5K → write to coarse ring.
-- **TopN query**: RLock ring, sum bucket range, apply filter, group by dimension, heap-select top N.
-- **Trend query**: per-bucket filtered sum, returns one `TrendPoint` per bucket.
-- **Subscriber fan-out**: per-subscriber buffered channel; `Subscribe`/`Unsubscribe` for streaming.
-
-### server.go
-- gRPC server on configurable port (default `:9090`).
-- `TopN` and `Trend`: unary, answered from the ring buffer under RLock.
-- `StreamSnapshots`: registers a subscriber channel; loops `Recv` on it; 30 s keepalive ticker.
-
-## Program 2 — Aggregator
-
-### subscriber.go
-- One goroutine per collector. Dials, calls `StreamSnapshots`, forwards each `Snapshot` to the
-  merger.
-- Reconnects with exponential backoff (100 ms → doubles → cap 30 s).
-- After 3 consecutive failures: calls `merger.Zero(addr)` to remove that collector's contribution
-  from the merged view (prevents stale counts accumulating during outages).
-- Resets failure count on first successful `Recv`; logs recovery.
-
-### merger.go
-- **Delta strategy**: on each new snapshot from collector X, subtract X's previous entries from
-  `merged`, add the new entries, store new map. O(snapshot_size) per update — not
-  O(N_collectors × snapshot_size).
-- `Zero(addr)`: subtracts the collector's last-known contribution and deletes its entry — called
-  when a collector is marked degraded.
-
-### cache.go
-- **Tick-based rotation** (1-min ticker, not snapshot-triggered): keeps the aggregator ring aligned
-  to the same 1-minute cadence as collectors regardless of how many collectors are connected.
-- Same tiered ring structure as the collector store; populated from `merger.TopK()` each tick.
-- `QueryTopN`, `QueryTrend`, `Subscribe`/`Unsubscribe` — identical interface to collector store.
-
-### registry.go
-- **`TargetRegistry`**: `sync.RWMutex`-protected `map[addr → name]`. Initialised with the
-  configured collector addresses; display names are updated from the `source` field of the first
-  snapshot received from each collector.
-- `Targets()` returns a stable sorted slice of `{name, addr}` pairs for `ListTargets` responses.
-
-### server.go
-- Implements `LogtailService` backed by the cache (not live fan-out).
-- `StreamSnapshots` re-streams merged fine snapshots; usable by a second-tier aggregator or
-  monitoring system.
-- `ListTargets` returns the current `TargetRegistry` contents — all configured collectors with
-  their display names and gRPC addresses.
-
-## Program 3 — Frontend
-
-### handler.go
-- All filter state in the **URL query string**: `w` (window), `by` (group_by), `f_website`,
-  `f_prefix`, `f_uri`, `f_status`, `f_website_re`, `f_uri_re`, `f_is_tor`, `f_asn`, `n`, `target`. No
-  server-side session — URLs are shareable and bookmarkable; multiple operators see independent views.
-- **Filter expression box**: a `q=` parameter carries a mini filter language
-  (`status>=400 AND website~=gouda.* AND uri~=^/api/`). On submission the handler parses it
-  via `ParseFilterExpr` and redirects to the canonical URL with individual `f_*` params; `q=`
-  never appears in the final URL. Parse errors re-render the current page with an inline message.
-- **Status expressions**: `f_status` accepts `200`, `!=200`, `>=400`, `<500`, etc. — parsed by
-  `store.ParseStatusExpr` into `(value, StatusOp)` for the filter protobuf.
-- **ASN expressions**: `f_asn` accepts the same expression syntax (`12345`, `!=65000`, `>=1000`,
-  `<64512`, etc.) — also parsed by `store.ParseStatusExpr`, stored as `(asn_number, AsnOp)` in the
-  filter protobuf.
-- **Regex filters**: `f_website_re` and `f_uri_re` hold RE2 patterns; compiled once per request
-  into `store.CompiledFilter` before the query-loop iteration. Invalid regexes match nothing.
-- `TopN`, `Trend`, and `ListTargets` RPCs issued **concurrently** (all with a 5 s deadline); page
-  renders with whatever completes. Trend failure suppresses the sparkline; `ListTargets` failure
-  hides the source picker — both are non-fatal.
-- **Source picker**: `ListTargets` result drives a `source:` tab row. Clicking a collector tab
-  sets `target=` to that collector's address, querying it directly. The "all" tab resets to the
-  default aggregator. Picker is hidden when `ListTargets` returns ≤0 collectors (direct collector
-  mode).
-- **Drilldown**: clicking a table row adds the current dimension's filter and advances `by` through
-  `website → prefix → uri → status → asn → website` (cycles).
-- **`raw=1`**: returns the TopN result as JSON — same URL, no CLI needed for scripting.
-- **`target=` override**: per-request gRPC endpoint override for comparing sources.
-- Error pages render at HTTP 502 with the window/group-by tabs still functional.
-
-### sparkline.go
-- `renderSparkline([]*pb.TrendPoint) template.HTML` — fixed `viewBox="0 0 300 60"` SVG,
-  Y-scaled to max count, rendered as `<polyline>`. Returns `""` for fewer than 2 points or
-  all-zero data.
-
-### templates/
-- `base.html`: outer shell, inline CSS (~40 lines), conditional `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`.
-- `index.html`: window tabs, group-by tabs, filter breadcrumb with `×` remove links, sparkline,
-  TopN table with `<meter>` bars (% relative to rank-1), footer with source and refresh info.
-- No external CSS, no web fonts, no JavaScript. Renders in w3m/lynx.
-
-## Program 4 — CLI
-
-### Subcommands
-
-```
-logtail-cli topn    [flags]   ranked label → count table (exits after one response)
-logtail-cli trend   [flags]   per-bucket time series (exits after one response)
-logtail-cli stream  [flags]   live snapshot feed (runs until Ctrl-C, auto-reconnects)
-logtail-cli targets [flags]   list targets known to the queried endpoint
-```
-
-### Flags
-
-**Shared** (all subcommands):
-
-| Flag          | Default          | Description                                              |
-|---------------|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
-| `--target`    | `localhost:9090` | Comma-separated `host:port` list; fan-out to all         |
-| `--json`      | false            | Emit newline-delimited JSON instead of a table           |
-| `--website`   | —                | Filter: website                                          |
-| `--prefix`    | —                | Filter: client prefix                                    |
-| `--uri`       | —                | Filter: request URI                                      |
-| `--status`    | —                | Filter: HTTP status expression (`200`, `!=200`, `>=400`, `<500`, …) |
-| `--website-re`| —                | Filter: RE2 regex against website                        |
-| `--uri-re`    | —                | Filter: RE2 regex against request URI                    |
-| `--is-tor`    | —                | Filter: TOR traffic (`1` or `!=0` = TOR only; `0` or `!=1` = non-TOR only) |
-| `--asn`       | —                | Filter: ASN expression (`12345`, `!=65000`, `>=1000`, `<64512`, …)          |
-
-**`topn` only**: `--n 10`, `--window 5m`, `--group-by website`
-
-**`trend` only**: `--window 5m`
-
-### Multi-target fan-out
-
-`--target` accepts a comma-separated list. All targets are queried concurrently; results are
-printed in order with a per-target header. Single-target output omits the header for clean
-pipe-to-`jq` use.
-
-### Output
-
-Default: human-readable table with space-separated thousands (`18 432`).
-`--json`: a single JSON array (one object per target) for `topn` and `trend`; NDJSON for `stream` (unbounded).
-
-`stream` reconnects automatically on error (5 s backoff). All other subcommands exit immediately
-with a non-zero code on gRPC error.
-
-## Key Design Decisions
-
-| Decision | Rationale |
-|----------|-----------|
-| Single aggregator goroutine in collector | Eliminates all map lock contention on the 10 K/s hot path |
-| Hard cap live map at 100 K entries | Bounds memory regardless of DDoS cardinality explosion |
-| Ring buffer of sorted snapshots (not raw maps) | TopN queries avoid re-sorting; merge is a single heap pass |
-| Push-based streaming (collector → aggregator) | Aggregator cache always fresh; query latency is cache-read only |
-| Delta merge in aggregator | O(snapshot_size) per update, not O(N_collectors × size) |
-| Tick-based cache rotation in aggregator | Ring stays on the same 1-min cadence regardless of collector count |
-| Degraded collector zeroing | Stale counts from failed collectors don't accumulate in the merged view |
-| Same `LogtailService` for collector and aggregator | CLI and frontend work with either; no special-casing |
-| `internal/store` shared package | ring-buffer, `Tuple6` encoding, and filter logic shared between collector and aggregator |
-| Filter state in URL, not session cookie | Multiple concurrent operators; shareable/bookmarkable URLs |
-| Query strings stripped at ingest | Major cardinality reduction; prevents URI explosion under attack |
-| No persistent storage | Simplicity; acceptable for ops dashboards (restart = lose history) |
-| Trusted internal network, no TLS | Reduces operational complexity; add a TLS proxy if needed later |
-| Server-side SVG sparklines, meta-refresh | Zero JS dependencies; works in terminal browsers and curl |
-| CLI default: human-readable table | Operator-friendly by default; `--json` opt-in for scripting |
-| CLI multi-target fan-out | Compare a collector vs. aggregator, or two collectors, in one command |
-| CLI uses stdlib `flag`, no framework | Four subcommands don't justify a dependency |
-| Status filter as expression string (`!=200`, `>=400`) | Operator-friendly; parsed once at query boundary, encoded as `(int32, StatusOp)` in proto |
-| ASN filter reuses `StatusOp` and `ParseStatusExpr` | Same 6-operator grammar as status; no duplicate enum or parser needed |
-| Regex filters compiled once per query (`CompiledFilter`) | Up to 288 × 5 000 per-entry calls — compiling per-entry would dominate query latency |
-| Filter expression box (`q=`) redirects to canonical URL | Filter state stays in individual `f_*` params; URLs remain shareable and bookmarkable |
-| `ListTargets` + frontend source picker | "Which nginx is busiest?" answered by switching `target=` to a collector; no data model changes, no extra memory |

cmd/aggregator/backfill.go

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"sort"
+	"time"
+
+	st "git.ipng.ch/ipng/nginx-logtail/internal/store"
+	pb "git.ipng.ch/ipng/nginx-logtail/proto/logtailpb"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials/insecure"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
+)
+
+// Backfill calls DumpSnapshots on all collectors concurrently, merges their
+// data per timestamp, and loads the result into the cache. It blocks until all
+// collectors have responded or the context is cancelled.
+func Backfill(ctx context.Context, collectorAddrs []string, cache *Cache) {
+	type result struct {
+		fine   []st.Snapshot
+		coarse []st.Snapshot
+	}
+
+	ch := make(chan result, len(collectorAddrs))
+	for _, addr := range collectorAddrs {
+		addr := addr
+		go func() {
+			start := time.Now()
+			fine, coarse, err := dumpCollector(ctx, addr)
+			if err != nil {
+				if status.Code(err) == codes.Unimplemented {
+					log.Printf("backfill: %s: collector does not support DumpSnapshots (old binary), skipping", addr)
+				} else {
+					log.Printf("backfill: %s: failed after %s: %v", addr, time.Since(start).Round(time.Millisecond), err)
+				}
+				ch <- result{}
+				return
+			}
+			var fineEntries, coarseEntries int
+			for _, s := range fine {
+				fineEntries += len(s.Entries)
+			}
+			for _, s := range coarse {
+				coarseEntries += len(s.Entries)
+			}
+			log.Printf("backfill: %s: %d fine buckets (%d entries) + %d coarse buckets (%d entries) in %s",
+				addr, len(fine), fineEntries, len(coarse), coarseEntries, time.Since(start).Round(time.Millisecond))
+			ch <- result{fine, coarse}
+		}()
+	}
+
+	// Collect per-timestamp maps: unix-minute → label → total count.
+	fineByTS := make(map[int64]map[string]int64)
+	coarseByTS := make(map[int64]map[string]int64)
+
+	for range collectorAddrs {
+		r := <-ch
+		mergeDump(r.fine, fineByTS, time.Minute)
+		mergeDump(r.coarse, coarseByTS, 5*time.Minute)
+	}
+
+	mergeStart := time.Now()
+	fine := buildSnapshots(fineByTS, st.FineTopK, st.FineRingSize)
+	coarse := buildSnapshots(coarseByTS, st.CoarseTopK, st.CoarseRingSize)
+	log.Printf("backfill: merge+topk took %s", time.Since(mergeStart).Round(time.Microsecond))
+
+	if len(fine)+len(coarse) == 0 {
+		log.Printf("backfill: no data received from any collector")
+		return
+	}
+	loadStart := time.Now()
+	cache.LoadHistorical(fine, coarse)
+	log.Printf("backfill: loaded %d fine + %d coarse buckets in %s",
+		len(fine), len(coarse), time.Since(loadStart).Round(time.Microsecond))
+}
+
+// dumpCollector calls DumpSnapshots on one collector and returns the fine and
+// coarse ring snapshots as separate slices.
+func dumpCollector(ctx context.Context, addr string) (fine, coarse []st.Snapshot, err error) {
+	conn, err := grpc.NewClient(addr, grpc.WithTransportCredentials(insecure.NewCredentials()))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+	defer conn.Close()
+
+	client := pb.NewLogtailServiceClient(conn)
+	stream, err := client.DumpSnapshots(ctx, &pb.DumpSnapshotsRequest{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	for {
+		msg, err := stream.Recv()
+		if err == io.EOF {
+			return fine, coarse, nil
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return fine, coarse, err
+		}
+		snap := st.Snapshot{
+			Timestamp: time.Unix(msg.Timestamp, 0),
+			Entries:   pbEntriesToStore(msg.Entries),
+		}
+		if msg.IsCoarse {
+			coarse = append(coarse, snap)
+		} else {
+			fine = append(fine, snap)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// mergeDump adds all snapshots from one collector's dump into the per-timestamp
+// accumulator map. Multiple collectors' entries for the same timestamp are summed.
+// granularity should match the ring bucket size (time.Minute for fine, 5*time.Minute for coarse).
+func mergeDump(snaps []st.Snapshot, byTS map[int64]map[string]int64, granularity time.Duration) {
+	for _, snap := range snaps {
+		ts := snap.Timestamp.Truncate(granularity).Unix()
+		m := byTS[ts]
+		if m == nil {
+			m = make(map[string]int64, len(snap.Entries))
+			byTS[ts] = m
+		}
+		for _, e := range snap.Entries {
+			m[e.Label] += e.Count
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// buildSnapshots sorts the per-timestamp map chronologically, runs TopK on each
+// bucket, and returns a slice capped to ringSize oldest-first snapshots.
+func buildSnapshots(byTS map[int64]map[string]int64, topK, ringSize int) []st.Snapshot {
+	if len(byTS) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	timestamps := make([]int64, 0, len(byTS))
+	for ts := range byTS {
+		timestamps = append(timestamps, ts)
+	}
+	sort.Slice(timestamps, func(i, j int) bool { return timestamps[i] < timestamps[j] })
+
+	// Keep only the most recent ringSize buckets.
+	if len(timestamps) > ringSize {
+		timestamps = timestamps[len(timestamps)-ringSize:]
+	}
+
+	snaps := make([]st.Snapshot, len(timestamps))
+	for i, ts := range timestamps {
+		snaps[i] = st.Snapshot{
+			Timestamp: time.Unix(ts, 0),
+			Entries:   st.TopKFromMap(byTS[ts], topK),
+		}
+	}
+	return snaps
+}
+
+func pbEntriesToStore(entries []*pb.TopNEntry) []st.Entry {
+	out := make([]st.Entry, len(entries))
+	for i, e := range entries {
+		out[i] = st.Entry{Label: e.Label, Count: e.Count}
+	}
+	return out
+}

cmd/aggregator/cache.go

@@ -90,6 +90,26 @@ func (c *Cache) mergeFineBuckets(now time.Time) st.Snapshot {
 	return st.Snapshot{Timestamp: now, Entries: st.TopKFromMap(merged, st.CoarseTopK)}
 }
 
+// LoadHistorical pre-populates the ring buffers from backfill data before live
+// streaming begins. fine and coarse must be sorted oldest-first; each slice
+// must not exceed the respective ring size. Called once at startup, before Run.
+func (c *Cache) LoadHistorical(fine, coarse []st.Snapshot) {
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	defer c.mu.Unlock()
+
+	for i, snap := range fine {
+		c.fineRing[i] = snap
+	}
+	c.fineFilled = len(fine)
+	c.fineHead = len(fine) % st.FineRingSize
+
+	for i, snap := range coarse {
+		c.coarseRing[i] = snap
+	}
+	c.coarseFilled = len(coarse)
+	c.coarseHead = len(coarse) % st.CoarseRingSize
+}
+
 // QueryTopN answers a TopN request from the ring buffers.
 func (c *Cache) QueryTopN(filter *pb.Filter, groupBy pb.GroupBy, n int, window pb.Window) []st.Entry {
 	cf := st.CompileFilter(filter)

cmd/aggregator/main.go

@@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ import (
 )
 
 func main() {
-	listen := flag.String("listen", ":9091", "gRPC listen address")
+	listen := flag.String("listen", envOr("AGGREGATOR_LISTEN", ":9091"), "gRPC listen address (env: AGGREGATOR_LISTEN)")
-	collectors := flag.String("collectors", "", "comma-separated collector host:port addresses")
+	collectors := flag.String("collectors", envOr("AGGREGATOR_COLLECTORS", ""), "comma-separated collector host:port addresses (env: AGGREGATOR_COLLECTORS)")
-	source := flag.String("source", hostname(), "name for this aggregator in responses")
+	source := flag.String("source", envOr("AGGREGATOR_SOURCE", hostname()), "name for this aggregator in responses (env: AGGREGATOR_SOURCE, default: hostname)")
 	flag.Parse()
 
 	if *collectors == "" {
-		log.Fatal("aggregator: --collectors is required")
+		log.Fatal("aggregator: --collectors / AGGREGATOR_COLLECTORS is required")
 	}
 
 	ctx, stop := signal.NotifyContext(context.Background(), syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
@@ -38,13 +38,6 @@ func main() {
 	merger := NewMerger()
 	cache := NewCache(merger, *source)
 	registry := NewTargetRegistry(collectorAddrs)
-	go cache.Run(ctx)
-
-	for _, addr := range collectorAddrs {
-		sub := NewCollectorSub(addr, merger, registry)
-		go sub.Run(ctx)
-		log.Printf("aggregator: subscribing to collector %s", addr)
-	}
 
 	lis, err := net.Listen("tcp", *listen)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -60,6 +53,17 @@ func main() {
 		}
 	}()
 
+	go cache.Run(ctx)
+
+	for _, addr := range collectorAddrs {
+		sub := NewCollectorSub(addr, merger, registry)
+		go sub.Run(ctx)
+		log.Printf("aggregator: subscribing to collector %s", addr)
+	}
+
+	log.Printf("aggregator: backfilling from %d collector(s)", len(collectorAddrs))
+	go Backfill(ctx, collectorAddrs, cache)
+
 	<-ctx.Done()
 	log.Printf("aggregator: shutting down")
 	grpcServer.GracefulStop()
@@ -72,3 +76,10 @@ func hostname() string {
 	}
 	return h
 }
+
+func envOr(key, def string) string {
+	if v := os.Getenv(key); v != "" {
+		return v
+	}
+	return def
+}

cmd/cli/flags.go

@@ -12,16 +12,18 @@ import (
 
 // sharedFlags holds the flags common to every subcommand.
 type sharedFlags struct {
-	targets   []string
+	targets      []string
-	jsonOut   bool
+	jsonOut      bool
-	website   string
+	website      string
-	prefix    string
+	prefix       string
-	uri       string
+	uri          string
-	status    string // expression: "200", "!=200", ">=400", etc.
+	status       string // expression: "200", "!=200", ">=400", etc.
-	websiteRe string // RE2 regex against website
+	websiteRe    string // RE2 regex against website
-	uriRe     string // RE2 regex against request URI
+	uriRe        string // RE2 regex against request URI
-	isTor     string // "", "1" / "!=0" (TOR only), "0" / "!=1" (non-TOR only)
+	websiteReNeg string // RE2 regex exclusion against website
-	asn       string // expression: "12345", "!=65000", ">=1000", etc.
+	uriReNeg     string // RE2 regex exclusion against request URI
+	isTor        string // "", "1" / "!=0" (TOR only), "0" / "!=1" (non-TOR only)
+	asn          string // expression: "12345", "!=65000", ">=1000", etc.
 }
 
 // bindShared registers the shared flags on fs and returns a pointer to the
@@ -36,6 +38,8 @@ func bindShared(fs *flag.FlagSet) (*sharedFlags, *string) {
 	fs.StringVar(&sf.status, "status", "", "filter: HTTP status expression (200, !=200, >=400, <500, …)")
 	fs.StringVar(&sf.websiteRe, "website-re", "", "filter: RE2 regex against website")
 	fs.StringVar(&sf.uriRe, "uri-re", "", "filter: RE2 regex against request URI")
+	fs.StringVar(&sf.websiteReNeg, "website-re-neg", "", "filter: RE2 regex exclusion against website")
+	fs.StringVar(&sf.uriReNeg, "uri-re-neg", "", "filter: RE2 regex exclusion against request URI")
 	fs.StringVar(&sf.isTor, "is-tor", "", "filter: TOR traffic (1 or !=0 = TOR only; 0 or !=1 = non-TOR only)")
 	fs.StringVar(&sf.asn, "asn", "", "filter: ASN expression (12345, !=65000, >=1000, <64512, …)")
 	return sf, target
@@ -60,7 +64,7 @@ func parseTargets(s string) []string {
 }
 
 func buildFilter(sf *sharedFlags) *pb.Filter {
-	if sf.website == "" && sf.prefix == "" && sf.uri == "" && sf.status == "" && sf.websiteRe == "" && sf.uriRe == "" && sf.isTor == "" && sf.asn == "" {
+	if sf.website == "" && sf.prefix == "" && sf.uri == "" && sf.status == "" && sf.websiteRe == "" && sf.uriRe == "" && sf.websiteReNeg == "" && sf.uriReNeg == "" && sf.isTor == "" && sf.asn == "" {
 		return nil
 	}
 	f := &pb.Filter{}
@@ -88,6 +92,12 @@ func buildFilter(sf *sharedFlags) *pb.Filter {
 	if sf.uriRe != "" {
 		f.UriRegex = &sf.uriRe
 	}
+	if sf.websiteReNeg != "" {
+		f.WebsiteRegexExclude = &sf.websiteReNeg
+	}
+	if sf.uriReNeg != "" {
+		f.UriRegexExclude = &sf.uriReNeg
+	}
 	switch sf.isTor {
 	case "1", "!=0":
 		f.Tor = pb.TorFilter_TOR_YES

cmd/collector/main.go

@@ -6,9 +6,11 @@ import (
 	"flag"
 	"log"
 	"net"
+	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"syscall"
 	"time"
@@ -18,13 +20,14 @@ import (
 )
 
 func main() {
-	listen := flag.String("listen", ":9090", "gRPC listen address")
+	listen := flag.String("listen", envOr("COLLECTOR_LISTEN", ":9090"), "gRPC listen address (env: COLLECTOR_LISTEN)")
-	logPaths := flag.String("logs", "", "comma-separated log file paths/globs to tail")
+	promListen := flag.String("prom-listen", envOr("COLLECTOR_PROM_LISTEN", ":9100"), "Prometheus metrics listen address, empty to disable (env: COLLECTOR_PROM_LISTEN)")
-	logsFile := flag.String("logs-file", "", "file containing one log path/glob per line")
+	logPaths := flag.String("logs", envOr("COLLECTOR_LOGS", ""), "comma-separated log file paths/globs to tail (env: COLLECTOR_LOGS)")
-	source := flag.String("source", hostname(), "name for this collector (default: hostname)")
+	logsFile := flag.String("logs-file", envOr("COLLECTOR_LOGS_FILE", ""), "file containing one log path/glob per line (env: COLLECTOR_LOGS_FILE)")
-	v4prefix := flag.Int("v4prefix", 24, "IPv4 prefix length for client bucketing")
+	source := flag.String("source", envOr("COLLECTOR_SOURCE", hostname()), "name for this collector (env: COLLECTOR_SOURCE, default: hostname)")
-	v6prefix := flag.Int("v6prefix", 48, "IPv6 prefix length for client bucketing")
+	v4prefix := flag.Int("v4prefix", envOrInt("COLLECTOR_V4PREFIX", 24), "IPv4 prefix length for client bucketing (env: COLLECTOR_V4PREFIX)")
-	scanInterval := flag.Duration("scan-interval", 10*time.Second, "how often to rescan glob patterns for new/removed files")
+	v6prefix := flag.Int("v6prefix", envOrInt("COLLECTOR_V6PREFIX", 48), "IPv6 prefix length for client bucketing (env: COLLECTOR_V6PREFIX)")
+	scanInterval := flag.Duration("scan-interval", envOrDuration("COLLECTOR_SCAN_INTERVAL", 10*time.Second), "how often to rescan glob patterns for new/removed files (env: COLLECTOR_SCAN_INTERVAL)")
 	flag.Parse()
 
 	patterns := collectPatterns(*logPaths, *logsFile)
@@ -40,6 +43,18 @@ func main() {
 	ch := make(chan LogRecord, 200_000)
 
 	store := NewStore(*source)
+	if *promListen != "" {
+		ps := NewPromStore()
+		store.prom = ps
+		mux := http.NewServeMux()
+		mux.Handle("/metrics", ps)
+		go func() {
+			log.Printf("collector: Prometheus metrics on %s/metrics", *promListen)
+			if err := http.ListenAndServe(*promListen, mux); err != nil {
+				log.Fatalf("collector: Prometheus server: %v", err)
+			}
+		}()
+	}
 	go store.Run(ch)
 
 	tailer := NewMultiTailer(patterns, *scanInterval, *v4prefix, *v6prefix, ch)
@@ -140,3 +155,30 @@ func hostname() string {
 	}
 	return h
 }
+
+func envOr(key, def string) string {
+	if v := os.Getenv(key); v != "" {
+		return v
+	}
+	return def
+}
+
+func envOrInt(key string, def int) int {
+	if v := os.Getenv(key); v != "" {
+		if n, err := strconv.Atoi(v); err == nil {
+			return n
+		}
+		log.Printf("collector: invalid int for %s=%q, using default %d", key, v, def)
+	}
+	return def
+}
+
+func envOrDuration(key string, def time.Duration) time.Duration {
+	if v := os.Getenv(key); v != "" {
+		if d, err := time.ParseDuration(v); err == nil {
+			return d
+		}
+		log.Printf("collector: invalid duration for %s=%q, using default %s", key, v, def)
+	}
+	return def
+}

cmd/collector/parser.go

@@ -9,12 +9,15 @@ import (
 
 // LogRecord holds the dimensions extracted from a single nginx log line.
 type LogRecord struct {
-	Website      string
+	Website       string
-	ClientPrefix string
+	ClientPrefix  string
-	URI          string
+	URI           string
-	Status       string
+	Status        string
-	IsTor        bool
+	IsTor         bool
-	ASN          int32
+	ASN           int32
+	Method        string
+	BodyBytesSent int64
+	RequestTime   float64
 }
 
 // ParseLine parses a tab-separated logtail log line:
@@ -51,13 +54,26 @@ func ParseLine(line string, v4bits, v6bits int) (LogRecord, bool) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	var bodyBytes int64
+	if n, err := strconv.ParseInt(fields[6], 10, 64); err == nil {
+		bodyBytes = n
+	}
+
+	var reqTime float64
+	if f, err := strconv.ParseFloat(fields[7], 64); err == nil {
+		reqTime = f
+	}
+
 	return LogRecord{
-		Website:      fields[0],
+		Website:       fields[0],
-		ClientPrefix: prefix,
+		ClientPrefix:  prefix,
-		URI:          uri,
+		URI:           uri,
-		Status:       fields[5],
+		Status:        fields[5],
-		IsTor:        isTor,
+		IsTor:         isTor,
-		ASN:          asn,
+		ASN:           asn,
+		Method:        fields[3],
+		BodyBytesSent: bodyBytes,
+		RequestTime:   reqTime,
 	}, true
 }
 

cmd/collector/parser_test.go

@@ -18,10 +18,13 @@ func TestParseLine(t *testing.T) {
 			line:   good,
 			wantOK: true,
 			want: LogRecord{
-				Website:      "www.example.com",
+				Website:       "www.example.com",
-				ClientPrefix: "1.2.3.0/24",
+				ClientPrefix:  "1.2.3.0/24",
-				URI:          "/api/v1/search",
+				URI:           "/api/v1/search",
-				Status:       "200",
+				Status:        "200",
+				Method:        "GET",
+				BodyBytesSent: 1452,
+				RequestTime:   0.043,
 			},
 		},
 		{
@@ -33,6 +36,8 @@ func TestParseLine(t *testing.T) {
 				ClientPrefix: "10.0.0.0/24",
 				URI:          "/submit",
 				Status:       "201",
+				Method:       "POST",
+				RequestTime:  0.001,
 			},
 		},
 		{
@@ -44,6 +49,8 @@ func TestParseLine(t *testing.T) {
 				ClientPrefix: "2001:db8:cafe::/48", // /48 = 3 full 16-bit groups intact
 				URI:          "/",
 				Status:       "200",
+				Method:       "GET",
+				RequestTime:  0.001,
 			},
 		},
 		{
@@ -70,6 +77,8 @@ func TestParseLine(t *testing.T) {
 				ClientPrefix: "5.6.7.0/24",
 				URI:          "/rate-limited",
 				Status:       "429",
+				Method:       "GET",
+				RequestTime:  0.001,
 			},
 		},
 		{
@@ -82,6 +91,8 @@ func TestParseLine(t *testing.T) {
 				URI:          "/",
 				Status:       "200",
 				IsTor:        true,
+				Method:       "GET",
+				RequestTime:  0.001,
 			},
 		},
 		{
@@ -94,6 +105,8 @@ func TestParseLine(t *testing.T) {
 				URI:          "/",
 				Status:       "200",
 				IsTor:        false,
+				Method:       "GET",
+				RequestTime:  0.001,
 			},
 		},
 		{
@@ -106,6 +119,8 @@ func TestParseLine(t *testing.T) {
 				URI:          "/",
 				Status:       "200",
 				IsTor:        false,
+				Method:       "GET",
+				RequestTime:  0.001,
 			},
 		},
 		{
@@ -119,6 +134,8 @@ func TestParseLine(t *testing.T) {
 				Status:       "200",
 				IsTor:        false,
 				ASN:          12345,
+				Method:       "GET",
+				RequestTime:  0.001,
 			},
 		},
 		{
@@ -132,6 +149,8 @@ func TestParseLine(t *testing.T) {
 				Status:       "200",
 				IsTor:        true,
 				ASN:          65535,
+				Method:       "GET",
+				RequestTime:  0.001,
 			},
 		},
 		{
@@ -145,6 +164,8 @@ func TestParseLine(t *testing.T) {
 				Status:       "200",
 				IsTor:        true,
 				ASN:          0,
+				Method:       "GET",
+				RequestTime:  0.001,
 			},
 		},
 		{
@@ -158,6 +179,8 @@ func TestParseLine(t *testing.T) {
 				Status:       "200",
 				IsTor:        false,
 				ASN:          0,
+				Method:       "GET",
+				RequestTime:  0.001,
 			},
 		},
 	}

cmd/collector/prom.go

@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+)
+
+// Body-size histogram bucket upper bounds in bytes.
+const promNumBodyBounds = 7
+
+var promBodyBounds = [promNumBodyBounds]int64{256, 1024, 4096, 16384, 65536, 262144, 1048576}
+
+// Request-time histogram bucket upper bounds in seconds (standard Prometheus defaults).
+const promNumTimeBounds = 11
+
+var promTimeBounds = [promNumTimeBounds]float64{.005, .01, .025, .05, .1, .25, .5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10}
+
+const promCounterCap = 100_000 // safety cap on {host,method,status} counter entries
+
+// promCounterKey is the label set for per-request counters.
+type promCounterKey struct {
+	Host   string
+	Method string
+	Status string
+}
+
+// promBodyEntry holds the body_bytes_sent histogram for one host.
+type promBodyEntry struct {
+	buckets [promNumBodyBounds + 1]int64 // indices 0..N-1: le=bound[i]; index N: le=+Inf
+	sum     int64
+}
+
+// promTimeEntry holds the request_time histogram for one host.
+type promTimeEntry struct {
+	buckets [promNumTimeBounds + 1]int64
+	sum     float64
+}
+
+// PromStore accumulates Prometheus metrics ingested from log records.
+//
+// Ingest must be called from exactly one goroutine (the store's Run goroutine).
+// ServeHTTP may be called from any number of goroutines concurrently.
+type PromStore struct {
+	mu       sync.Mutex
+	counters map[promCounterKey]int64
+	body     map[string]*promBodyEntry // keyed by host
+	reqTime  map[string]*promTimeEntry // keyed by host
+}
+
+// NewPromStore returns an empty PromStore ready for use.
+func NewPromStore() *PromStore {
+	return &PromStore{
+		counters: make(map[promCounterKey]int64, 1024),
+		body:     make(map[string]*promBodyEntry, 64),
+		reqTime:  make(map[string]*promTimeEntry, 64),
+	}
+}
+
+// Ingest records one log record into the Prometheus metrics.
+// Must be called from a single goroutine.
+func (p *PromStore) Ingest(r LogRecord) {
+	p.mu.Lock()
+
+	// --- per-{host,method,status} request counter ---
+	ck := promCounterKey{Host: r.Website, Method: r.Method, Status: r.Status}
+	if _, ok := p.counters[ck]; ok {
+		p.counters[ck]++
+	} else if len(p.counters) < promCounterCap {
+		p.counters[ck] = 1
+	}
+
+	// --- body_bytes_sent histogram (keyed by host only) ---
+	be, ok := p.body[r.Website]
+	if !ok {
+		be = &promBodyEntry{}
+		p.body[r.Website] = be
+	}
+	for i, bound := range promBodyBounds {
+		if r.BodyBytesSent <= bound {
+			be.buckets[i]++
+		}
+	}
+	be.buckets[promNumBodyBounds]++ // +Inf
+	be.sum += r.BodyBytesSent
+
+	// --- request_time histogram (keyed by host only) ---
+	te, ok := p.reqTime[r.Website]
+	if !ok {
+		te = &promTimeEntry{}
+		p.reqTime[r.Website] = te
+	}
+	for i, bound := range promTimeBounds {
+		if r.RequestTime <= bound {
+			te.buckets[i]++
+		}
+	}
+	te.buckets[promNumTimeBounds]++ // +Inf
+	te.sum += r.RequestTime
+
+	p.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
+// ServeHTTP renders all metrics in the Prometheus text exposition format (0.0.4).
+func (p *PromStore) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+	// Snapshot everything under the lock, then render without holding it.
+	p.mu.Lock()
+
+	type counterSnap struct {
+		k promCounterKey
+		v int64
+	}
+	counters := make([]counterSnap, 0, len(p.counters))
+	for k, v := range p.counters {
+		counters = append(counters, counterSnap{k, v})
+	}
+
+	type bodySnap struct {
+		host string
+		e    promBodyEntry
+	}
+	bodySnaps := make([]bodySnap, 0, len(p.body))
+	for h, e := range p.body {
+		bodySnaps = append(bodySnaps, bodySnap{h, *e})
+	}
+
+	type timeSnap struct {
+		host string
+		e    promTimeEntry
+	}
+	timeSnaps := make([]timeSnap, 0, len(p.reqTime))
+	for h, e := range p.reqTime {
+		timeSnaps = append(timeSnaps, timeSnap{h, *e})
+	}
+
+	p.mu.Unlock()
+
+	// Sort for stable, human-readable output.
+	sort.Slice(counters, func(i, j int) bool {
+		a, b := counters[i].k, counters[j].k
+		if a.Host != b.Host {
+			return a.Host < b.Host
+		}
+		if a.Method != b.Method {
+			return a.Method < b.Method
+		}
+		return a.Status < b.Status
+	})
+	sort.Slice(bodySnaps, func(i, j int) bool { return bodySnaps[i].host < bodySnaps[j].host })
+	sort.Slice(timeSnaps, func(i, j int) bool { return timeSnaps[i].host < timeSnaps[j].host })
+
+	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/plain; version=0.0.4; charset=utf-8")
+	bw := bufio.NewWriterSize(w, 256*1024)
+
+	// nginx_http_requests_total
+	fmt.Fprintln(bw, "# HELP nginx_http_requests_total Total number of HTTP requests processed.")
+	fmt.Fprintln(bw, "# TYPE nginx_http_requests_total counter")
+	for _, c := range counters {
+		fmt.Fprintf(bw, "nginx_http_requests_total{host=%q,method=%q,status=%q} %d\n",
+			c.k.Host, c.k.Method, c.k.Status, c.v)
+	}
+
+	// nginx_http_response_body_bytes (histogram, labeled by host)
+	fmt.Fprintln(bw, "# HELP nginx_http_response_body_bytes HTTP response body size distribution in bytes.")
+	fmt.Fprintln(bw, "# TYPE nginx_http_response_body_bytes histogram")
+	for _, s := range bodySnaps {
+		for i, bound := range promBodyBounds {
+			fmt.Fprintf(bw, "nginx_http_response_body_bytes_bucket{host=%q,le=%q} %d\n",
+				s.host, fmt.Sprintf("%d", bound), s.e.buckets[i])
+		}
+		fmt.Fprintf(bw, "nginx_http_response_body_bytes_bucket{host=%q,le=\"+Inf\"} %d\n",
+			s.host, s.e.buckets[promNumBodyBounds])
+		fmt.Fprintf(bw, "nginx_http_response_body_bytes_count{host=%q} %d\n",
+			s.host, s.e.buckets[promNumBodyBounds])
+		fmt.Fprintf(bw, "nginx_http_response_body_bytes_sum{host=%q} %d\n",
+			s.host, s.e.sum)
+	}
+
+	// nginx_http_request_duration_seconds (histogram, labeled by host)
+	fmt.Fprintln(bw, "# HELP nginx_http_request_duration_seconds HTTP request processing time in seconds.")
+	fmt.Fprintln(bw, "# TYPE nginx_http_request_duration_seconds histogram")
+	for _, s := range timeSnaps {
+		for i, bound := range promTimeBounds {
+			fmt.Fprintf(bw, "nginx_http_request_duration_seconds_bucket{host=%q,le=%q} %d\n",
+				s.host, formatFloat(bound), s.e.buckets[i])
+		}
+		fmt.Fprintf(bw, "nginx_http_request_duration_seconds_bucket{host=%q,le=\"+Inf\"} %d\n",
+			s.host, s.e.buckets[promNumTimeBounds])
+		fmt.Fprintf(bw, "nginx_http_request_duration_seconds_count{host=%q} %d\n",
+			s.host, s.e.buckets[promNumTimeBounds])
+		fmt.Fprintf(bw, "nginx_http_request_duration_seconds_sum{host=%q} %g\n",
+			s.host, s.e.sum)
+	}
+
+	bw.Flush()
+}
+
+// formatFloat renders a float64 bucket bound without trailing zeros but always
+// with at least one decimal place, matching Prometheus convention (e.g. "0.5", "10").
+func formatFloat(f float64) string {
+	s := fmt.Sprintf("%g", f)
+	if !strings.Contains(s, ".") && !strings.Contains(s, "e") {
+		s += ".0" // ensure it looks like a float, not an integer
+	}
+	return s
+}

cmd/collector/prom_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestPromStoreIngestBodyBuckets(t *testing.T) {
+	ps := NewPromStore()
+	// 512 bytes: > 256, ≤ 1024 → bucket[0] stays 0, buckets[1..N] get 1
+	ps.Ingest(LogRecord{Website: "example.com", Method: "GET", Status: "200", BodyBytesSent: 512})
+
+	ps.mu.Lock()
+	be := ps.body["example.com"]
+	ps.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if be == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected body entry, got nil")
+	}
+	if be.buckets[0] != 0 { // le=256: 512 > 256
+		t.Errorf("le=256 bucket = %d, want 0", be.buckets[0])
+	}
+	if be.buckets[1] != 1 { // le=1024: 512 ≤ 1024
+		t.Errorf("le=1024 bucket = %d, want 1", be.buckets[1])
+	}
+	for i := 2; i <= promNumBodyBounds; i++ {
+		if be.buckets[i] != 1 {
+			t.Errorf("bucket[%d] = %d, want 1", i, be.buckets[i])
+		}
+	}
+	if be.sum != 512 {
+		t.Errorf("sum = %d, want 512", be.sum)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPromStoreIngestTimeBuckets(t *testing.T) {
+	ps := NewPromStore()
+	// 0.075s: > 0.05, ≤ 0.1
+	ps.Ingest(LogRecord{Website: "example.com", Method: "GET", Status: "200", RequestTime: 0.075})
+
+	ps.mu.Lock()
+	te := ps.reqTime["example.com"]
+	ps.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if te == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected time entry, got nil")
+	}
+	// le=0.05 (index 3): 0.075 > 0.05 → 0
+	if te.buckets[3] != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("le=0.05 bucket = %d, want 0", te.buckets[3])
+	}
+	// le=0.1 (index 4): 0.075 ≤ 0.1 → 1
+	if te.buckets[4] != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("le=0.1 bucket = %d, want 1", te.buckets[4])
+	}
+	// +Inf (last): always 1
+	if te.buckets[promNumTimeBounds] != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("+Inf bucket = %d, want 1", te.buckets[promNumTimeBounds])
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPromStoreCounter(t *testing.T) {
+	ps := NewPromStore()
+	ps.Ingest(LogRecord{Website: "a.com", Method: "GET", Status: "200"})
+	ps.Ingest(LogRecord{Website: "a.com", Method: "GET", Status: "200"})
+	ps.Ingest(LogRecord{Website: "a.com", Method: "POST", Status: "201"})
+
+	ps.mu.Lock()
+	c1 := ps.counters[promCounterKey{"a.com", "GET", "200"}]
+	c2 := ps.counters[promCounterKey{"a.com", "POST", "201"}]
+	ps.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if c1 != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("GET/200 count = %d, want 2", c1)
+	}
+	if c2 != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("POST/201 count = %d, want 1", c2)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPromStoreServeHTTP(t *testing.T) {
+	ps := NewPromStore()
+	ps.Ingest(LogRecord{
+		Website: "example.com", Method: "GET", Status: "200",
+		BodyBytesSent: 100, RequestTime: 0.042,
+	})
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/metrics", nil)
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	ps.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
+
+	body := rec.Body.String()
+
+	checks := []string{
+		"# TYPE nginx_http_requests_total counter",
+		`nginx_http_requests_total{host="example.com",method="GET",status="200"} 1`,
+		"# TYPE nginx_http_response_body_bytes histogram",
+		`nginx_http_response_body_bytes_bucket{host="example.com",le="256"} 1`, // 100 ≤ 256
+		`nginx_http_response_body_bytes_count{host="example.com"} 1`,
+		`nginx_http_response_body_bytes_sum{host="example.com"} 100`,
+		"# TYPE nginx_http_request_duration_seconds histogram",
+		`nginx_http_request_duration_seconds_bucket{host="example.com",le="0.05"} 1`, // 0.042 ≤ 0.05
+		`nginx_http_request_duration_seconds_count{host="example.com"} 1`,
+	}
+	for _, want := range checks {
+		if !strings.Contains(body, want) {
+			t.Errorf("missing %q in output:\n%s", want, body)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPromStoreCounterCap(t *testing.T) {
+	ps := NewPromStore()
+	// Fill to cap with distinct {host,method,status} combos
+	for i := 0; i < promCounterCap+10; i++ {
+		host := strings.Repeat("x", i%10+1) + ".com"
+		status := "200"
+		if i%3 == 0 {
+			status = "404"
+		}
+		ps.Ingest(LogRecord{Website: host, Method: "GET", Status: status})
+	}
+	ps.mu.Lock()
+	n := len(ps.counters)
+	ps.mu.Unlock()
+	if n > promCounterCap {
+		t.Errorf("counter map size %d exceeds cap %d", n, promCounterCap)
+	}
+}

cmd/collector/server.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"log"
 	"time"
 
+	st "git.ipng.ch/ipng/nginx-logtail/internal/store"
 	pb "git.ipng.ch/ipng/nginx-logtail/proto/logtailpb"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
@@ -70,6 +71,33 @@ func peerAddr(ctx context.Context) string {
 	return "unknown"
 }
 
+func (srv *Server) DumpSnapshots(_ *pb.DumpSnapshotsRequest, stream grpc.ServerStreamingServer[pb.Snapshot]) error {
+	fine, coarse := srv.store.DumpRings()
+	for _, snap := range fine {
+		if err := stream.Send(storeSnapshotToProto(snap, srv.source, false)); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	for _, snap := range coarse {
+		if err := stream.Send(storeSnapshotToProto(snap, srv.source, true)); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func storeSnapshotToProto(snap st.Snapshot, source string, isCoarse bool) *pb.Snapshot {
+	msg := &pb.Snapshot{
+		Source:    source,
+		Timestamp: snap.Timestamp.Unix(),
+		IsCoarse:  isCoarse,
+	}
+	for _, e := range snap.Entries {
+		msg.Entries = append(msg.Entries, &pb.TopNEntry{Label: e.Label, Count: e.Count})
+	}
+	return msg
+}
+
 func (srv *Server) StreamSnapshots(req *pb.SnapshotRequest, stream grpc.ServerStreamingServer[pb.Snapshot]) error {
 	ch := srv.store.Subscribe()
 	defer srv.store.Unsubscribe(ch)

cmd/collector/store.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ const liveMapCap = 100_000 // hard cap on live map entries
 // Store holds the live map and both ring buffers.
 type Store struct {
 	source string
+	prom   *PromStore // optional; if non-nil, receives every ingested record
 
 	// live map — written only by the Run goroutine; no locking needed on writes
 	live    map[st.Tuple6]int64
@@ -41,9 +42,12 @@ func NewStore(source string) *Store {
 	}
 }
 
-// ingest records one log record into the live map.
+// ingest records one log record into the live map and the Prometheus store (if set).
 // Must only be called from the Run goroutine.
 func (s *Store) ingest(r LogRecord) {
+	if s.prom != nil {
+		s.prom.Ingest(r)
+	}
 	key := st.Tuple6{Website: r.Website, Prefix: r.ClientPrefix, URI: r.URI, Status: r.Status, IsTor: r.IsTor, ASN: r.ASN}
 	if _, exists := s.live[key]; !exists {
 		if s.liveLen >= liveMapCap {
@@ -150,6 +154,32 @@ func (s *Store) coarseView() st.RingView {
 	return st.RingView{Ring: ring, Head: s.coarseHead, Size: st.CoarseRingSize}
 }
 
+// DumpRings returns copies of all non-empty fine and coarse ring snapshots in
+// chronological order. The lock is held only for the duration of the copy.
+func (s *Store) DumpRings() (fine, coarse []st.Snapshot) {
+	s.mu.RLock()
+	fineRing := s.fineRing
+	fineHead := s.fineHead
+	fineFilled := s.fineFilled
+	coarseRing := s.coarseRing
+	coarseHead := s.coarseHead
+	coarseFilled := s.coarseFilled
+	s.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	fine = make([]st.Snapshot, 0, fineFilled)
+	for i := 0; i < fineFilled; i++ {
+		idx := (fineHead - fineFilled + i + st.FineRingSize) % st.FineRingSize
+		fine = append(fine, fineRing[idx])
+	}
+
+	coarse = make([]st.Snapshot, 0, coarseFilled)
+	for i := 0; i < coarseFilled; i++ {
+		idx := (coarseHead - coarseFilled + i + st.CoarseRingSize) % st.CoarseRingSize
+		coarse = append(coarse, coarseRing[idx])
+	}
+	return fine, coarse
+}
+
 func (s *Store) Subscribe() chan st.Snapshot {
 	ch := make(chan st.Snapshot, 4)
 	s.subMu.Lock()

cmd/frontend/filter.go

@@ -19,9 +19,11 @@ var andRe = regexp.MustCompile(`(?i)\s+and\s+`)
 //
 //	status=200  status!=200  status>=400  status>400  status<=500  status<500
 //	website=example.com      — exact match
-//	website~=gouda.*         — RE2 regex
+//	website~=gouda.*         — RE2 regex match
+//	website!~=gouda.*        — RE2 regex exclusion
 //	uri=/api/v1/             — exact match
-//	uri~=^/api/.*            — RE2 regex
+//	uri~=^/api/.*            — RE2 regex match
+//	uri!~=^/ct/.*            — RE2 regex exclusion
 //	prefix=1.2.3.0/24        — exact match
 //
 // Values may be enclosed in double or single quotes.
@@ -57,6 +59,8 @@ func applyTerm(term string, fs *filterState) error {
 
 	var op, value string
 	switch {
+	case strings.HasPrefix(rest, "!~="):
+		op, value = "!~=", rest[3:]
 	case strings.HasPrefix(rest, "~="):
 		op, value = "~=", rest[2:]
 	case strings.HasPrefix(rest, "!="):
@@ -96,8 +100,10 @@ func applyTerm(term string, fs *filterState) error {
 			fs.Website = value
 		case "~=":
 			fs.WebsiteRe = value
+		case "!~=":
+			fs.WebsiteReNeg = value
 		default:
-			return fmt.Errorf("website only supports = and ~=, not %q", op)
+			return fmt.Errorf("website only supports =, ~=, and !~=, not %q", op)
 		}
 	case "uri":
 		switch op {
@@ -105,8 +111,10 @@ func applyTerm(term string, fs *filterState) error {
 			fs.URI = value
 		case "~=":
 			fs.URIRe = value
+		case "!~=":
+			fs.URIReNeg = value
 		default:
-			return fmt.Errorf("uri only supports = and ~=, not %q", op)
+			return fmt.Errorf("uri only supports =, ~=, and !~=, not %q", op)
 		}
 	case "prefix":
 		if op != "=" {
@@ -164,6 +172,9 @@ func FilterExprString(f filterState) string {
 	if f.WebsiteRe != "" {
 		parts = append(parts, "website~="+quoteMaybe(f.WebsiteRe))
 	}
+	if f.WebsiteReNeg != "" {
+		parts = append(parts, "website!~="+quoteMaybe(f.WebsiteReNeg))
+	}
 	if f.Prefix != "" {
 		parts = append(parts, "prefix="+quoteMaybe(f.Prefix))
 	}
@@ -173,6 +184,9 @@ func FilterExprString(f filterState) string {
 	if f.URIRe != "" {
 		parts = append(parts, "uri~="+quoteMaybe(f.URIRe))
 	}
+	if f.URIReNeg != "" {
+		parts = append(parts, "uri!~="+quoteMaybe(f.URIReNeg))
+	}
 	if f.Status != "" {
 		parts = append(parts, statusTermStr(f.Status))
 	}

cmd/frontend/handler.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 
 	st "git.ipng.ch/ipng/nginx-logtail/internal/store"
 	pb "git.ipng.ch/ipng/nginx-logtail/proto/logtailpb"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc"
 )
 
 // Handler is the HTTP handler for the frontend.
@@ -47,14 +48,16 @@ type TableRow struct {
 
 // filterState holds the filter fields parsed from URL params.
 type filterState struct {
-	Website   string
+	Website      string
-	Prefix    string
+	Prefix       string
-	URI       string
+	URI          string
-	Status    string // expression: "200", "!=200", ">=400", etc.
+	Status       string // expression: "200", "!=200", ">=400", etc.
-	WebsiteRe string // RE2 regex against website
+	WebsiteRe    string // RE2 regex against website
-	URIRe     string // RE2 regex against request URI
+	URIRe        string // RE2 regex against request URI
-	IsTor     string // "", "1" (TOR only), "0" (non-TOR only)
+	WebsiteReNeg string // RE2 regex exclusion against website
-	ASN       string // expression: "12345", "!=65000", ">=1000", etc.
+	URIReNeg     string // RE2 regex exclusion against request URI
+	IsTor        string // "", "1" (TOR only), "0" (non-TOR only)
+	ASN          string // expression: "12345", "!=65000", ">=1000", etc.
 }
 
 // QueryParams holds all parsed URL parameters for one page request.
@@ -155,20 +158,22 @@ func (h *Handler) parseParams(r *http.Request) QueryParams {
 		GroupByS: grpS,
 		N:        n,
 		Filter: filterState{
-			Website:   q.Get("f_website"),
+			Website:      q.Get("f_website"),
-			Prefix:    q.Get("f_prefix"),
+			Prefix:       q.Get("f_prefix"),
-			URI:       q.Get("f_uri"),
+			URI:          q.Get("f_uri"),
-			Status:    q.Get("f_status"),
+			Status:       q.Get("f_status"),
-			WebsiteRe: q.Get("f_website_re"),
+			WebsiteRe:    q.Get("f_website_re"),
-			URIRe:     q.Get("f_uri_re"),
+			URIRe:        q.Get("f_uri_re"),
-			IsTor:     q.Get("f_is_tor"),
+			WebsiteReNeg: q.Get("f_website_re_neg"),
-			ASN:       q.Get("f_asn"),
+			URIReNeg:     q.Get("f_uri_re_neg"),
+			IsTor:        q.Get("f_is_tor"),
+			ASN:          q.Get("f_asn"),
 		},
 	}
 }
 
 func buildFilter(f filterState) *pb.Filter {
-	if f.Website == "" && f.Prefix == "" && f.URI == "" && f.Status == "" && f.WebsiteRe == "" && f.URIRe == "" && f.IsTor == "" && f.ASN == "" {
+	if f.Website == "" && f.Prefix == "" && f.URI == "" && f.Status == "" && f.WebsiteRe == "" && f.URIRe == "" && f.WebsiteReNeg == "" && f.URIReNeg == "" && f.IsTor == "" && f.ASN == "" {
 		return nil
 	}
 	out := &pb.Filter{}
@@ -193,6 +198,12 @@ func buildFilter(f filterState) *pb.Filter {
 	if f.URIRe != "" {
 		out.UriRegex = &f.URIRe
 	}
+	if f.WebsiteReNeg != "" {
+		out.WebsiteRegexExclude = &f.WebsiteReNeg
+	}
+	if f.URIReNeg != "" {
+		out.UriRegexExclude = &f.URIReNeg
+	}
 	switch f.IsTor {
 	case "1":
 		out.Tor = pb.TorFilter_TOR_YES
@@ -233,6 +244,12 @@ func (p QueryParams) toValues() url.Values {
 	if p.Filter.URIRe != "" {
 		v.Set("f_uri_re", p.Filter.URIRe)
 	}
+	if p.Filter.WebsiteReNeg != "" {
+		v.Set("f_website_re_neg", p.Filter.WebsiteReNeg)
+	}
+	if p.Filter.URIReNeg != "" {
+		v.Set("f_uri_re_neg", p.Filter.URIReNeg)
+	}
 	if p.Filter.IsTor != "" {
 		v.Set("f_is_tor", p.Filter.IsTor)
 	}
@@ -260,7 +277,8 @@ func (p QueryParams) buildURL(overrides map[string]string) string {
 func (p QueryParams) clearFilterURL() string {
 	return p.buildURL(map[string]string{
 		"f_website": "", "f_prefix": "", "f_uri": "", "f_status": "",
-		"f_website_re": "", "f_uri_re": "", "f_is_tor": "", "f_asn": "",
+		"f_website_re": "", "f_uri_re": "", "f_website_re_neg": "", "f_uri_re_neg": "",
+		"f_is_tor": "", "f_asn": "",
 	})
 }
 
@@ -343,6 +361,18 @@ func buildCrumbs(p QueryParams) []Crumb {
 			RemoveURL: p.buildURL(map[string]string{"f_uri_re": ""}),
 		})
 	}
+	if p.Filter.WebsiteReNeg != "" {
+		crumbs = append(crumbs, Crumb{
+			Text:      "website!~=" + p.Filter.WebsiteReNeg,
+			RemoveURL: p.buildURL(map[string]string{"f_website_re_neg": ""}),
+		})
+	}
+	if p.Filter.URIReNeg != "" {
+		crumbs = append(crumbs, Crumb{
+			Text:      "uri!~=" + p.Filter.URIReNeg,
+			RemoveURL: p.buildURL(map[string]string{"f_uri_re_neg": ""}),
+		})
+	}
 	switch p.Filter.IsTor {
 	case "1":
 		crumbs = append(crumbs, Crumb{
@@ -526,7 +556,21 @@ func (h *Handler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		trendCh <- trendResult{resp, err}
 	}()
 	go func() {
-		resp, err := client.ListTargets(ctx, &pb.ListTargetsRequest{})
+		// Always query the default target for ListTargets so we get the full
+		// list of available sources even when viewing a specific collector.
+		ltClient := client
+		var ltConn *grpc.ClientConn
+		if params.Target != h.defaultTarget {
+			c, cl, err := dial(h.defaultTarget)
+			if err == nil {
+				ltConn = c
+				ltClient = cl
+			}
+		}
+		resp, err := ltClient.ListTargets(ctx, &pb.ListTargetsRequest{})
+		if ltConn != nil {
+			ltConn.Close()
+		}
 		if err != nil {
 			ltCh <- nil
 		} else {

cmd/frontend/main.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
+	"strconv"
 	"syscall"
 )
 
@@ -16,10 +17,10 @@ import (
 var templatesFS embed.FS
 
 func main() {
-	listen := flag.String("listen", ":8080", "HTTP listen address")
+	listen := flag.String("listen", envOr("FRONTEND_LISTEN", ":8080"), "HTTP listen address (env: FRONTEND_LISTEN)")
-	target := flag.String("target", "localhost:9091", "default gRPC endpoint (aggregator or collector)")
+	target := flag.String("target", envOr("FRONTEND_TARGET", "localhost:9091"), "default gRPC endpoint, aggregator or collector (env: FRONTEND_TARGET)")
-	n := flag.Int("n", 25, "default number of table rows")
+	n := flag.Int("n", envOrInt("FRONTEND_N", 25), "default number of table rows (env: FRONTEND_N)")
-	refresh := flag.Int("refresh", 30, "meta-refresh interval in seconds (0 = disabled)")
+	refresh := flag.Int("refresh", envOrInt("FRONTEND_REFRESH", 30), "meta-refresh interval in seconds, 0 to disable (env: FRONTEND_REFRESH)")
 	flag.Parse()
 
 	funcMap := template.FuncMap{"fmtCount": fmtCount}
@@ -51,3 +52,20 @@ func main() {
 	log.Printf("frontend: shutting down")
 	srv.Shutdown(context.Background())
 }
+
+func envOr(key, def string) string {
+	if v := os.Getenv(key); v != "" {
+		return v
+	}
+	return def
+}
+
+func envOrInt(key string, def int) int {
+	if v := os.Getenv(key); v != "" {
+		if n, err := strconv.Atoi(v); err == nil {
+			return n
+		}
+		log.Printf("frontend: invalid int for %s=%q, using default %d", key, v, def)
+	}
+	return def
+}

cmd/frontend/templates/index.html

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
   <input type="hidden" name="w" value="{{.Params.WindowS}}">
   <input type="hidden" name="by" value="{{.Params.GroupByS}}">
   <input type="hidden" name="n" value="{{.Params.N}}">
-  <input class="filter-input" type="text" name="q" value="{{.FilterExpr}}" placeholder="status>=400 AND website~=gouda.* AND uri~=^/ct/v1/ AND is_tor=0 AND asn=8298">
+  <input class="filter-input" type="text" name="q" value="{{.FilterExpr}}" placeholder="status>=400 AND website!~=^gouda.* AND uri~=^/ct/v1/ AND is_tor=0 AND asn=8298">
   <button type="submit">filter</button>
   {{- if .FilterExpr}} <a class="clear" href="{{.ClearFilterURL}}">× clear</a>{{end}}
 </form>

dashboards/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+This nginx-logtail dashboard is just to get you started. It was autogenerated by Claude.

docker-compose.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+services:
+  aggregator:
+    build: .
+    image: git.ipng.ch/ipng/nginx-logtail
+    command: ["/usr/local/bin/aggregator"]
+    restart: unless-stopped
+    environment:
+      AGGREGATOR_LISTEN: ":9091"
+      AGGREGATOR_COLLECTORS: ""   # e.g. "collector1:9090,collector2:9090"
+      AGGREGATOR_SOURCE: ""       # defaults to container hostname
+    ports:
+      - "9091:9091"
+
+  frontend:
+    image: git.ipng.ch/ipng/nginx-logtail
+    command: ["/usr/local/bin/frontend"]
+    restart: unless-stopped
+    environment:
+      FRONTEND_LISTEN: ":8080"
+      FRONTEND_TARGET: "aggregator:9091"
+      FRONTEND_N: "25"
+      FRONTEND_REFRESH: "30"
+    ports:
+      - "8080:8080"
+    depends_on:
+      - aggregator

docs/DETAILS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,528 @@
+PREAMBLE
+
+Although this computer program has a permissive license (AP2.0), if you came here looking to ask
+questions, you're better off just moving on :) This program is shared AS-IS and really without any
+intent for anybody but IPng Networks to use it. Also, in case the structure of the repo and the
+style of this README wasn't already clear, this program is 100% written and maintained by Claude
+Code.
+
+You have been warned :)
+
+SPECIFICATION
+
+This project contains four programs:
+
+1) A **collector** that tails any number of nginx log files and maintains an in-memory structure of
+`{website, client_prefix, http_request_uri, http_response, is_tor, asn}` counts across all files.
+It answers TopN and Trend queries via gRPC and pushes minute snapshots to the aggregator via
+server-streaming. It also exposes a Prometheus `/metrics` endpoint (default `:9100`) with per-host
+request counters and response-body/request-time histograms.
+Runs on each nginx machine in the cluster. No UI — gRPC and HTTP interfaces only.
+
+2) An **aggregator** that subscribes to the snapshot stream from all collectors, merges their data
+into a unified in-memory cache, and exposes the same gRPC interface. Answers questions like "what
+is the busiest website globally", "which client prefix is causing the most HTTP 503s", and shows
+trending information useful for DDoS detection. Runs on a central machine.
+
+3) An **HTTP frontend** companion to the aggregator that renders a drilldown dashboard. Operators
+can restrict by `http_response=429`, then by `website=www.example.com`, and so on. Works with
+either a collector or aggregator as its backend. Zero JavaScript — server-rendered HTML with inline
+SVG sparklines and meta-refresh.
+
+4) A **CLI** for shell-based debugging. Sends `topn`, `trend`, and `stream` queries to any
+collector or aggregator, fans out to multiple targets in parallel, and outputs human-readable
+tables or newline-delimited JSON.
+
+Programs are written in Go. No CGO, no external runtime dependencies.
+
+---
+
+![nginx-logtail frontend](docs/frontend.png)
+
+---
+
+DEPLOYMENT
+
+## Docker
+
+All four binaries are published in a single image: `git.ipng.ch/ipng/nginx-logtail`.
+
+The image is built with a two-stage Dockerfile: a `golang:1.24-alpine` builder produces
+statically-linked, stripped binaries (`CGO_ENABLED=0`, `-trimpath -ldflags="-s -w"`); the final
+stage is `scratch` — no OS, no shell, no runtime dependencies. Each binary is invoked explicitly
+via the container `command`.
+
+### Build and push
+
+```
+docker compose build --push
+```
+
+### Running aggregator + frontend
+
+The `docker-compose.yml` in the repo root runs the aggregator and frontend together. At minimum,
+set `AGGREGATOR_COLLECTORS` to the comma-separated `host:port` list of your collector(s):
+
+```sh
+AGGREGATOR_COLLECTORS=nginx1:9090,nginx2:9090 docker compose up -d
+```
+
+The frontend reaches the aggregator at `aggregator:9091` via Docker's internal DNS. The frontend
+UI is available on port `8080`.
+
+### Environment variables
+
+All flags have environment variable equivalents. CLI flags take precedence over env vars.
+
+**collector** (runs on each nginx host, not in Docker):
+
+| Env var                  | Flag              | Default     |
+|--------------------------|-------------------|-------------|
+| `COLLECTOR_LISTEN`       | `-listen`         | `:9090`     |
+| `COLLECTOR_PROM_LISTEN`  | `-prom-listen`    | `:9100`     |
+| `COLLECTOR_LOGS`         | `-logs`           | —           |
+| `COLLECTOR_LOGS_FILE`    | `-logs-file`      | —           |
+| `COLLECTOR_SOURCE`       | `-source`         | hostname    |
+| `COLLECTOR_V4PREFIX`     | `-v4prefix`       | `24`        |
+| `COLLECTOR_V6PREFIX`     | `-v6prefix`       | `48`        |
+| `COLLECTOR_SCAN_INTERVAL`| `-scan-interval`  | `10s`       |
+
+**aggregator**:
+
+| Env var                  | Flag          | Default     |
+|--------------------------|---------------|-------------|
+| `AGGREGATOR_LISTEN`      | `-listen`     | `:9091`     |
+| `AGGREGATOR_COLLECTORS`  | `-collectors` | — (required)|
+| `AGGREGATOR_SOURCE`      | `-source`     | hostname    |
+
+**frontend**:
+
+| Env var          | Flag       | Default           |
+|------------------|------------|-------------------|
+| `FRONTEND_LISTEN`| `-listen`  | `:8080`           |
+| `FRONTEND_TARGET`| `-target`  | `localhost:9091`  |
+| `FRONTEND_N`     | `-n`       | `25`              |
+| `FRONTEND_REFRESH`| `-refresh`| `30`              |
+
+---
+
+DESIGN
+
+## Directory Layout
+
+```
+nginx-logtail/
+├── proto/
+│   ├── logtail.proto                  # shared protobuf definitions
+│   └── logtailpb/
+│       ├── logtail.pb.go              # generated: messages, enums
+│       └── logtail_grpc.pb.go         # generated: service stubs
+├── internal/
+│   └── store/
+│       └── store.go                   # shared types: Tuple6, Entry, Snapshot, ring helpers
+└── cmd/
+    ├── collector/
+    │   ├── main.go
+    │   ├── tailer.go                  # MultiTailer: tail N files via one shared fsnotify watcher
+    │   ├── parser.go                  # tab-separated logtail log_format parser (~50 ns/line)
+    │   ├── store.go                   # bounded top-K in-memory store + tiered ring buffers
+    │   └── server.go                  # gRPC server: TopN, Trend, StreamSnapshots
+    ├── aggregator/
+    │   ├── main.go
+    │   ├── subscriber.go              # one goroutine per collector; StreamSnapshots with backoff
+    │   ├── merger.go                  # delta-merge: O(snapshot_size) per update
+    │   ├── cache.go                   # tick-based ring buffer cache served to clients
+    │   ├── registry.go                # TargetRegistry: addr→name map updated from snapshot sources
+    │   └── server.go                  # gRPC server (same surface as collector)
+    ├── frontend/
+    │   ├── main.go
+    │   ├── handler.go                 # URL param parsing, concurrent TopN+Trend, template exec
+    │   ├── filter.go                  # ParseFilterExpr / FilterExprString mini filter language
+    │   ├── client.go                  # gRPC dial helper
+    │   ├── sparkline.go               # TrendPoints → inline SVG polyline
+    │   ├── format.go                  # fmtCount (space thousands separator)
+    │   └── templates/
+    │       ├── base.html              # outer HTML shell, inline CSS, meta-refresh
+    │       └── index.html             # window tabs, group-by tabs, breadcrumb, table, footer
+    └── cli/
+        ├── main.go                    # subcommand dispatch and usage
+        ├── flags.go                   # shared flags, parseTargets, buildFilter, parseWindow
+        ├── client.go                  # gRPC dial helper
+        ├── format.go                  # printTable, fmtCount, fmtTime, targetHeader
+        ├── cmd_topn.go                # topn: concurrent fan-out, table + JSON output
+        ├── cmd_trend.go               # trend: concurrent fan-out, table + JSON output
+        ├── cmd_stream.go              # stream: multiplexed streams, auto-reconnect
+        └── cmd_targets.go             # targets: list collectors known to the endpoint
+```
+
+## Data Model
+
+The core unit is a **count keyed by six dimensions**:
+
+| Field             | Description                                          | Example           |
+|-------------------|------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|
+| `website`         | nginx `$host`                                        | `www.example.com` |
+| `client_prefix`   | client IP truncated to /24 IPv4 or /48 IPv6          | `1.2.3.0/24`      |
+| `http_request_uri`| `$request_uri` path only — query string stripped     | `/api/v1/search`  |
+| `http_response`   | HTTP status code                                     | `429`             |
+| `is_tor`          | whether the client IP is a TOR exit node             | `1`               |
+| `asn`             | client AS number (MaxMind GeoIP2, 32-bit int)        | `8298`            |
+
+## Time Windows & Tiered Ring Buffers
+
+Two ring buffers at different resolutions cover all query windows up to 24 hours:
+
+| Tier   | Bucket size | Buckets | Top-K/bucket | Covers | Roll-up trigger     |
+|--------|-------------|---------|--------------|--------|---------------------|
+| Fine   | 1 min       | 60      | 50 000       | 1 h    | every minute        |
+| Coarse | 5 min       | 288     | 5 000        | 24 h   | every 5 fine ticks  |
+
+Supported query windows and which tier they read from:
+
+| Window | Tier   | Buckets summed |
+|--------|--------|----------------|
+| 1 min  | fine   | last 1         |
+| 5 min  | fine   | last 5         |
+| 15 min | fine   | last 15        |
+| 60 min | fine   | all 60         |
+| 6 h    | coarse | last 72        |
+| 24 h   | coarse | all 288        |
+
+Every minute: snapshot live map → top-50K → append to fine ring, reset live map.
+Every 5 minutes: merge last 5 fine snapshots → top-5K → append to coarse ring.
+
+## Memory Budget (Collector, target ≤ 1 GB)
+
+Entry size: ~30 B website + ~15 B prefix + ~50 B URI + 3 B status + 1 B is_tor + 4 B asn + 8 B count + ~80 B Go map
+overhead ≈ **~191 bytes per entry**.
+
+| Structure               | Entries     | Size        |
+|-------------------------|-------------|-------------|
+| Live map (capped)       | 100 000     | ~19 MB      |
+| Fine ring (60 × 1-min)  | 60 × 50 000 | ~558 MB     |
+| Coarse ring (288 × 5-min)| 288 × 5 000| ~268 MB     |
+| **Total**               |             | **~845 MB** |
+
+The live map is **hard-capped at 100 K entries**. Once full, only updates to existing keys are
+accepted; new keys are dropped until the next rotation resets the map. This keeps memory bounded
+regardless of attack cardinality.
+
+## Future Work — ClickHouse Export (post-MVP)
+
+> **Do not implement until the end-to-end MVP is running.**
+
+The aggregator will optionally write 1-minute pre-aggregated rows to ClickHouse for 7d/30d
+historical views. Schema sketch:
+
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE logtail (
+  ts            DateTime,
+  website       LowCardinality(String),
+  client_prefix String,
+  request_uri   LowCardinality(String),
+  status        UInt16,
+  count         UInt64
+) ENGINE = SummingMergeTree(count)
+PARTITION BY toYYYYMMDD(ts)
+ORDER BY (ts, website, status, client_prefix, request_uri);
+```
+
+The frontend routes `window=7d|30d` queries to ClickHouse; all shorter windows continue to use
+the in-memory cache. Kafka is not needed — the aggregator writes directly. This is purely additive
+and does not change any existing interface.
+
+## Protobuf API (`proto/logtail.proto`)
+
+```protobuf
+enum TorFilter { TOR_ANY = 0; TOR_YES = 1; TOR_NO = 2; }
+enum StatusOp  { EQ = 0; NE = 1; GT = 2; GE = 3; LT = 4; LE = 5; }
+
+message Filter {
+  optional string website          = 1;
+  optional string client_prefix    = 2;
+  optional string http_request_uri = 3;
+  optional int32  http_response    = 4;
+  StatusOp        status_op        = 5;  // comparison operator for http_response
+  optional string website_regex    = 6;  // RE2 regex against website
+  optional string uri_regex        = 7;  // RE2 regex against http_request_uri
+  TorFilter       tor              = 8;  // TOR_ANY (default) / TOR_YES / TOR_NO
+  optional int32  asn_number       = 9;  // filter by client ASN
+  StatusOp        asn_op           = 10; // comparison operator for asn_number
+}
+
+enum GroupBy { WEBSITE = 0; CLIENT_PREFIX = 1; REQUEST_URI = 2; HTTP_RESPONSE = 3; ASN_NUMBER = 4; }
+enum Window  { W1M = 0; W5M = 1; W15M = 2; W60M = 3; W6H = 4; W24H = 5; }
+
+message TopNRequest   { Filter filter = 1; GroupBy group_by = 2; int32 n = 3; Window window = 4; }
+message TopNEntry     { string label = 1; int64 count = 2; }
+message TopNResponse  { repeated TopNEntry entries = 1; string source = 2; }
+
+// Trend: one total count per minute (or 5-min) bucket, for sparklines
+message TrendRequest  { Filter filter = 1; Window window = 4; }
+message TrendPoint    { int64 timestamp_unix = 1; int64 count = 2; }
+message TrendResponse { repeated TrendPoint points = 1; string source = 2; }
+
+// Streaming: collector pushes a fine snapshot after every minute rotation
+message SnapshotRequest {}
+message Snapshot {
+  string             source    = 1;
+  int64              timestamp = 2;
+  repeated TopNEntry entries   = 3;  // full top-50K for this bucket
+  bool               is_coarse = 4;  // true for 5-min coarse buckets (DumpSnapshots only)
+}
+
+// Target discovery: list the collectors behind the queried endpoint
+message ListTargetsRequest {}
+message TargetInfo {
+  string name = 1;  // display name (--source value from the collector)
+  string addr = 2;  // gRPC address; empty string means "this endpoint itself"
+}
+message ListTargetsResponse { repeated TargetInfo targets = 1; }
+
+// Backfill: dump full ring buffer contents for aggregator restart recovery
+message DumpSnapshotsRequest {}
+// Response reuses Snapshot; is_coarse distinguishes fine (1-min) from coarse (5-min) buckets.
+// Stream closes after all historical data is sent (unlike StreamSnapshots which stays open).
+
+service LogtailService {
+  rpc TopN(TopNRequest)                returns (TopNResponse);
+  rpc Trend(TrendRequest)              returns (TrendResponse);
+  rpc StreamSnapshots(SnapshotRequest) returns (stream Snapshot);
+  rpc ListTargets(ListTargetsRequest)  returns (ListTargetsResponse);
+  rpc DumpSnapshots(DumpSnapshotsRequest) returns (stream Snapshot);
+}
+// Both collector and aggregator implement LogtailService.
+// The aggregator's StreamSnapshots re-streams the merged view.
+// ListTargets: aggregator returns all configured collectors; collector returns itself.
+// DumpSnapshots: collector only; aggregator calls this on startup to backfill its ring.
+```
+
+## Program 1 — Collector
+
+### tailer.go
+- **`MultiTailer`**: one shared `fsnotify.Watcher` for all files regardless of count — avoids
+  the inotify instance limit when tailing hundreds of files.
+- On `WRITE` event: read all new lines from that file's `bufio.Reader`.
+- On `RENAME`/`REMOVE` (logrotate): drain old fd to EOF, close, start retry-open goroutine with
+  exponential backoff. Sends the new `*os.File` back via a channel to keep map access single-threaded.
+- Emits `LogRecord` structs on a shared buffered channel (capacity 200 K — absorbs ~20 s of peak).
+- Accepts paths via `--logs` (comma-separated or glob) and `--logs-file` (one path/glob per line).
+
+### parser.go
+- Parses the fixed **logtail** nginx log format — tab-separated, fixed field order, no quoting:
+
+  ```nginx
+  log_format logtail '$host\t$remote_addr\t$msec\t$request_method\t$request_uri\t$status\t$body_bytes_sent\t$request_time\t$is_tor\t$asn';
+  ```
+
+  | # | Field             | Used for         |
+  |---|-------------------|------------------|
+  | 0 | `$host`           | website          |
+  | 1 | `$remote_addr`    | client_prefix    |
+  | 2 | `$msec`           | (discarded)      |
+  | 3 | `$request_method` | (discarded)      |
+  | 4 | `$request_uri`    | http_request_uri |
+  | 5 | `$status`         | http_response    |
+  | 6 | `$body_bytes_sent`| (discarded)      |
+  | 7 | `$request_time`   | (discarded)      |
+  | 8 | `$is_tor`         | is_tor           |
+  | 9 | `$asn`            | asn              |
+
+- `strings.SplitN(line, "\t", 10)` — ~50 ns/line. No regex.
+- `$request_uri`: query string discarded at first `?`.
+- `$remote_addr`: truncated to /24 (IPv4) or /48 (IPv6); prefix lengths configurable via flags.
+- `$is_tor`: `1` if the client IP is a TOR exit node, `0` otherwise. Field is optional — lines
+  with exactly 8 fields (old format) are accepted and default to `is_tor=false`.
+- `$asn`: client AS number as a decimal integer (from MaxMind GeoIP2). Field is optional —
+  lines without it default to `asn=0`.
+- Lines with fewer than 8 fields are silently skipped.
+
+### store.go
+- **Single aggregator goroutine** reads from the channel and updates the live map — no locking on
+  the hot path. At 10 K lines/s the goroutine uses <1% CPU.
+- Live map: `map[Tuple6]int64`, hard-capped at 100 K entries (new keys dropped when full).
+- **Minute ticker**: heap-selects top-50K entries, writes snapshot to fine ring, resets live map.
+- Every 5 fine ticks: merge last 5 fine snapshots → top-5K → write to coarse ring.
+- **TopN query**: RLock ring, sum bucket range, apply filter, group by dimension, heap-select top N.
+- **Trend query**: per-bucket filtered sum, returns one `TrendPoint` per bucket.
+- **Subscriber fan-out**: per-subscriber buffered channel; `Subscribe`/`Unsubscribe` for streaming.
+- **`DumpRings()`**: acquires `RLock`, copies both ring arrays and their head/filled pointers
+  (just slice headers — microseconds), releases lock, then returns chronologically-ordered fine
+  and coarse snapshot slices. The lock is never held during serialisation or network I/O.
+
+### server.go
+- gRPC server on configurable port (default `:9090`).
+- `TopN` and `Trend`: unary, answered from the ring buffer under RLock.
+- `StreamSnapshots`: registers a subscriber channel; loops `Recv` on it; 30 s keepalive ticker.
+- `DumpSnapshots`: calls `DumpRings()`, streams all fine buckets (`is_coarse=false`) then all
+  coarse buckets (`is_coarse=true`), then closes the stream. No lock held during streaming.
+
+## Program 2 — Aggregator
+
+### subscriber.go
+- One goroutine per collector. Dials, calls `StreamSnapshots`, forwards each `Snapshot` to the
+  merger.
+- Reconnects with exponential backoff (100 ms → doubles → cap 30 s).
+- After 3 consecutive failures: calls `merger.Zero(addr)` to remove that collector's contribution
+  from the merged view (prevents stale counts accumulating during outages).
+- Resets failure count on first successful `Recv`; logs recovery.
+
+### merger.go
+- **Delta strategy**: on each new snapshot from collector X, subtract X's previous entries from
+  `merged`, add the new entries, store new map. O(snapshot_size) per update — not
+  O(N_collectors × snapshot_size).
+- `Zero(addr)`: subtracts the collector's last-known contribution and deletes its entry — called
+  when a collector is marked degraded.
+
+### cache.go
+- **Tick-based rotation** (1-min ticker, not snapshot-triggered): keeps the aggregator ring aligned
+  to the same 1-minute cadence as collectors regardless of how many collectors are connected.
+- Same tiered ring structure as the collector store; populated from `merger.TopK()` each tick.
+- `QueryTopN`, `QueryTrend`, `Subscribe`/`Unsubscribe` — identical interface to collector store.
+- **`LoadHistorical(fine, coarse []Snapshot)`**: writes pre-merged backfill snapshots directly into
+  the ring arrays under `mu.Lock()`, sets head and filled counters, then returns. Safe to call
+  concurrently with queries. The live ticker continues from the updated head after this returns.
+
+### backfill.go
+- **`Backfill(ctx, collectorAddrs, cache)`**: called once at aggregator startup (in a goroutine,
+  after the gRPC server is already listening so the frontend is never blocked).
+- Dials all collectors concurrently and calls `DumpSnapshots` on each.
+- Accumulates entries per timestamp in `map[unix-second]map[label]count`; multiple collectors'
+  contributions for the same bucket are summed — the same delta-merge semantics as the live path.
+- Sorts timestamps chronologically, runs `TopKFromMap` per bucket, caps to ring size.
+- Calls `cache.LoadHistorical` once with the merged results.
+- **Graceful degradation**: if a collector returns `Unimplemented` (old binary without
+  `DumpSnapshots`), logs an informational message and skips it — live streaming still starts
+  normally. Any other error is logged with timing and also skipped. Partial backfill (some
+  collectors succeed, some fail) is supported.
+- Logs per-collector stats: bucket counts, total entry counts, and wall-clock duration.
+
+### registry.go
+- **`TargetRegistry`**: `sync.RWMutex`-protected `map[addr → name]`. Initialised with the
+  configured collector addresses; display names are updated from the `source` field of the first
+  snapshot received from each collector.
+- `Targets()` returns a stable sorted slice of `{name, addr}` pairs for `ListTargets` responses.
+
+### server.go
+- Implements `LogtailService` backed by the cache (not live fan-out).
+- `StreamSnapshots` re-streams merged fine snapshots; usable by a second-tier aggregator or
+  monitoring system.
+- `ListTargets` returns the current `TargetRegistry` contents — all configured collectors with
+  their display names and gRPC addresses.
+
+## Program 3 — Frontend
+
+### handler.go
+- All filter state in the **URL query string**: `w` (window), `by` (group_by), `f_website`,
+  `f_prefix`, `f_uri`, `f_status`, `f_website_re`, `f_uri_re`, `f_is_tor`, `f_asn`, `n`, `target`. No
+  server-side session — URLs are shareable and bookmarkable; multiple operators see independent views.
+- **Filter expression box**: a `q=` parameter carries a mini filter language
+  (`status>=400 AND website~=gouda.* AND uri~=^/api/`). On submission the handler parses it
+  via `ParseFilterExpr` and redirects to the canonical URL with individual `f_*` params; `q=`
+  never appears in the final URL. Parse errors re-render the current page with an inline message.
+- **Status expressions**: `f_status` accepts `200`, `!=200`, `>=400`, `<500`, etc. — parsed by
+  `store.ParseStatusExpr` into `(value, StatusOp)` for the filter protobuf.
+- **ASN expressions**: `f_asn` accepts the same expression syntax (`12345`, `!=65000`, `>=1000`,
+  `<64512`, etc.) — also parsed by `store.ParseStatusExpr`, stored as `(asn_number, AsnOp)` in the
+  filter protobuf.
+- **Regex filters**: `f_website_re` and `f_uri_re` hold RE2 patterns; compiled once per request
+  into `store.CompiledFilter` before the query-loop iteration. Invalid regexes match nothing.
+- `TopN`, `Trend`, and `ListTargets` RPCs issued **concurrently** (all with a 5 s deadline); page
+  renders with whatever completes. Trend failure suppresses the sparkline; `ListTargets` failure
+  hides the source picker — both are non-fatal.
+- **Source picker**: `ListTargets` result drives a `source:` tab row. Clicking a collector tab
+  sets `target=` to that collector's address, querying it directly. The "all" tab resets to the
+  default aggregator. Picker is hidden when `ListTargets` returns ≤0 collectors (direct collector
+  mode).
+- **Drilldown**: clicking a table row adds the current dimension's filter and advances `by` through
+  `website → prefix → uri → status → asn → website` (cycles).
+- **`raw=1`**: returns the TopN result as JSON — same URL, no CLI needed for scripting.
+- **`target=` override**: per-request gRPC endpoint override for comparing sources.
+- Error pages render at HTTP 502 with the window/group-by tabs still functional.
+
+### sparkline.go
+- `renderSparkline([]*pb.TrendPoint) template.HTML` — fixed `viewBox="0 0 300 60"` SVG,
+  Y-scaled to max count, rendered as `<polyline>`. Returns `""` for fewer than 2 points or
+  all-zero data.
+
+### templates/
+- `base.html`: outer shell, inline CSS (~40 lines), conditional `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`.
+- `index.html`: window tabs, group-by tabs, filter breadcrumb with `×` remove links, sparkline,
+  TopN table with `<meter>` bars (% relative to rank-1), footer with source and refresh info.
+- No external CSS, no web fonts, no JavaScript. Renders in w3m/lynx.
+
+## Program 4 — CLI
+
+### Subcommands
+
+```
+logtail-cli topn    [flags]   ranked label → count table (exits after one response)
+logtail-cli trend   [flags]   per-bucket time series (exits after one response)
+logtail-cli stream  [flags]   live snapshot feed (runs until Ctrl-C, auto-reconnects)
+logtail-cli targets [flags]   list targets known to the queried endpoint
+```
+
+### Flags
+
+**Shared** (all subcommands):
+
+| Flag          | Default          | Description                                              |
+|---------------|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
+| `--target`    | `localhost:9090` | Comma-separated `host:port` list; fan-out to all         |
+| `--json`      | false            | Emit newline-delimited JSON instead of a table           |
+| `--website`   | —                | Filter: website                                          |
+| `--prefix`    | —                | Filter: client prefix                                    |
+| `--uri`       | —                | Filter: request URI                                      |
+| `--status`    | —                | Filter: HTTP status expression (`200`, `!=200`, `>=400`, `<500`, …) |
+| `--website-re`| —                | Filter: RE2 regex against website                        |
+| `--uri-re`    | —                | Filter: RE2 regex against request URI                    |
+| `--is-tor`    | —                | Filter: TOR traffic (`1` or `!=0` = TOR only; `0` or `!=1` = non-TOR only) |
+| `--asn`       | —                | Filter: ASN expression (`12345`, `!=65000`, `>=1000`, `<64512`, …)          |
+
+**`topn` only**: `--n 10`, `--window 5m`, `--group-by website`
+
+**`trend` only**: `--window 5m`
+
+### Multi-target fan-out
+
+`--target` accepts a comma-separated list. All targets are queried concurrently; results are
+printed in order with a per-target header. Single-target output omits the header for clean
+pipe-to-`jq` use.
+
+### Output
+
+Default: human-readable table with space-separated thousands (`18 432`).
+`--json`: a single JSON array (one object per target) for `topn` and `trend`; NDJSON for `stream` (unbounded).
+
+`stream` reconnects automatically on error (5 s backoff). All other subcommands exit immediately
+with a non-zero code on gRPC error.
+
+## Key Design Decisions
+
+| Decision | Rationale |
+|----------|-----------|
+| Single aggregator goroutine in collector | Eliminates all map lock contention on the 10 K/s hot path |
+| Hard cap live map at 100 K entries | Bounds memory regardless of DDoS cardinality explosion |
+| Ring buffer of sorted snapshots (not raw maps) | TopN queries avoid re-sorting; merge is a single heap pass |
+| Push-based streaming (collector → aggregator) | Aggregator cache always fresh; query latency is cache-read only |
+| Delta merge in aggregator | O(snapshot_size) per update, not O(N_collectors × size) |
+| Tick-based cache rotation in aggregator | Ring stays on the same 1-min cadence regardless of collector count |
+| Degraded collector zeroing | Stale counts from failed collectors don't accumulate in the merged view |
+| Same `LogtailService` for collector and aggregator | CLI and frontend work with either; no special-casing |
+| `internal/store` shared package | ring-buffer, `Tuple6` encoding, and filter logic shared between collector and aggregator |
+| Filter state in URL, not session cookie | Multiple concurrent operators; shareable/bookmarkable URLs |
+| Query strings stripped at ingest | Major cardinality reduction; prevents URI explosion under attack |
+| No persistent storage | Simplicity; acceptable for ops dashboards (restart = lose history) |
+| Trusted internal network, no TLS | Reduces operational complexity; add a TLS proxy if needed later |
+| Server-side SVG sparklines, meta-refresh | Zero JS dependencies; works in terminal browsers and curl |
+| CLI default: human-readable table | Operator-friendly by default; `--json` opt-in for scripting |
+| CLI multi-target fan-out | Compare a collector vs. aggregator, or two collectors, in one command |
+| CLI uses stdlib `flag`, no framework | Four subcommands don't justify a dependency |
+| Status filter as expression string (`!=200`, `>=400`) | Operator-friendly; parsed once at query boundary, encoded as `(int32, StatusOp)` in proto |
+| ASN filter reuses `StatusOp` and `ParseStatusExpr` | Same 6-operator grammar as status; no duplicate enum or parser needed |
+| Regex filters compiled once per query (`CompiledFilter`) | Up to 288 × 5 000 per-entry calls — compiling per-entry would dominate query latency |
+| Filter expression box (`q=`) redirects to canonical URL | Filter state stays in individual `f_*` params; URLs remain shareable and bookmarkable |
+| `ListTargets` + frontend source picker | "Which nginx is busiest?" answered by switching `target=` to a collector; no data model changes, no extra memory |
+| Backfill via `DumpSnapshots` on restart | Aggregator recovers full 24h ring from collectors on restart; gRPC server starts first so frontend is never blocked during backfill |
+| `DumpRings()` copies under lock, streams without lock | Lock held for microseconds (slice-header copy only); network I/O happens outside the lock so minute rotation is never delayed |
+| Backfill merges per-timestamp across collectors | Correct cross-collector sums per bucket, same semantics as live delta-merge; collectors that don't support `DumpSnapshots` are skipped gracefully |

docs/USERGUIDE.md

@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ windows, and exposes a gRPC interface for the aggregator (and directly for the C
 | Flag              | Default      | Description                                               |
 |-------------------|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
 | `--listen`        | `:9090`      | gRPC listen address                                       |
+| `--prom-listen`   | `:9100`      | Prometheus metrics address; empty string to disable       |
 | `--logs`          | —            | Comma-separated log file paths or glob patterns           |
 | `--logs-file`     | —            | File containing one log path/glob per line                |
 | `--source`        | hostname     | Name for this collector in query responses                |
@@ -123,6 +124,73 @@ The collector handles logrotate automatically. On `RENAME`/`REMOVE` events it dr
 descriptor to EOF (so no lines are lost), then retries opening the original path with backoff until
 the new file appears. No restart or SIGHUP required.
 
+### Prometheus metrics
+
+The collector exposes a Prometheus-compatible `/metrics` endpoint on `--prom-listen` (default
+`:9100`). Set `--prom-listen ""` to disable it entirely.
+
+Three metrics are exported:
+
+**`nginx_http_requests_total`** — counter, labeled `{host, method, status}`:
+```
+nginx_http_requests_total{host="example.com",method="GET",status="200"} 18432
+nginx_http_requests_total{host="example.com",method="POST",status="201"} 304
+nginx_http_requests_total{host="api.example.com",method="GET",status="429"} 57
+```
+
+**`nginx_http_response_body_bytes`** — histogram, labeled `{host}`. Observes the
+`$body_bytes_sent` value for every request. Bucket upper bounds (bytes):
+`256, 1024, 4096, 16384, 65536, 262144, 1048576, +Inf`.
+
+**`nginx_http_request_duration_seconds`** — histogram, labeled `{host}`. Observes the
+`$request_time` value for every request. Bucket upper bounds (seconds):
+`0.005, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, +Inf`.
+
+Body and request-time histograms use only the `host` label (not method/status) to keep
+cardinality bounded — the label sets stay proportional to the number of virtual hosts, not
+the number of unique method × status combinations.
+
+The counter map is capped at 100 000 distinct `{host, method, status}` tuples. Entries beyond
+the cap are silently dropped for the current scrape interval, so memory is bounded regardless
+of traffic patterns.
+
+**Prometheus scrape config:**
+
+```yaml
+scrape_configs:
+  - job_name: nginx_logtail
+    static_configs:
+      - targets:
+          - nginx1:9100
+          - nginx2:9100
+          - nginx3:9100
+```
+
+Or with service discovery — the collector has no special requirements beyond a reachable
+TCP port.
+
+**Example queries:**
+
+```promql
+# Request rate per host over last 5 minutes
+rate(nginx_http_requests_total[5m])
+
+# 5xx error rate fraction per host
+sum by (host) (rate(nginx_http_requests_total{status=~"5.."}[5m]))
+  /
+sum by (host) (rate(nginx_http_requests_total[5m]))
+
+# 95th percentile response time per host
+histogram_quantile(0.95,
+  sum by (host, le) (rate(nginx_http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[5m]))
+)
+
+# Median response body size per host
+histogram_quantile(0.50,
+  sum by (host, le) (rate(nginx_http_response_body_bytes_bucket[5m]))
+)
+```
+
 ### Memory usage
 
 The collector is designed to stay well under 1 GB:

internal/store/store.go

@@ -133,9 +133,11 @@ func indexOf(s string, b byte) int {
 // CompiledFilter wraps a pb.Filter with pre-compiled regular expressions.
 // Use CompileFilter to construct one before a query loop.
 type CompiledFilter struct {
-	Proto     *pb.Filter
+	Proto         *pb.Filter
-	WebsiteRe *regexp.Regexp // nil if no website_regex or compilation failed
+	WebsiteRe     *regexp.Regexp // nil if no website_regex or compilation failed
-	URIRe     *regexp.Regexp // nil if no uri_regex or compilation failed
+	URIRe         *regexp.Regexp // nil if no uri_regex or compilation failed
+	WebsiteReExcl *regexp.Regexp // nil if no website_regex_exclude or compilation failed
+	URIReExcl     *regexp.Regexp // nil if no uri_regex_exclude or compilation failed
 }
 
 // CompileFilter compiles the regex fields in f once. Invalid regexes are
@@ -161,6 +163,22 @@ func CompileFilter(f *pb.Filter) *CompiledFilter {
 			cf.URIRe = re
 		}
 	}
+	if f.WebsiteRegexExclude != nil {
+		re, err := regexp.Compile(f.GetWebsiteRegexExclude())
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("store: invalid website_regex_exclude %q: %v", f.GetWebsiteRegexExclude(), err)
+		} else {
+			cf.WebsiteReExcl = re
+		}
+	}
+	if f.UriRegexExclude != nil {
+		re, err := regexp.Compile(f.GetUriRegexExclude())
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("store: invalid uri_regex_exclude %q: %v", f.GetUriRegexExclude(), err)
+		} else {
+			cf.URIReExcl = re
+		}
+	}
 	return cf
 }
 
@@ -193,6 +211,18 @@ func MatchesFilter(t Tuple6, f *CompiledFilter) bool {
 	if p.UriRegex != nil && f.URIRe == nil {
 		return false
 	}
+	if f.WebsiteReExcl != nil && f.WebsiteReExcl.MatchString(t.Website) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if p.WebsiteRegexExclude != nil && f.WebsiteReExcl == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if f.URIReExcl != nil && f.URIReExcl.MatchString(t.URI) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if p.UriRegexExclude != nil && f.URIReExcl == nil {
+		return false
+	}
 	if p.HttpResponse != nil && !matchesStatusOp(t.Status, p.GetHttpResponse(), p.StatusOp) {
 		return false
 	}

proto/logtail.proto

@@ -31,8 +31,10 @@ message Filter {
   optional string http_request_uri   = 3;
   optional int32  http_response      = 4;
   StatusOp        status_op          = 5;  // operator for http_response; ignored when unset
-  optional string website_regex      = 6;  // RE2 regex matched against website
+  optional string website_regex         = 6;  // RE2 regex matched against website
-  optional string uri_regex          = 7;  // RE2 regex matched against http_request_uri
+  optional string uri_regex             = 7;  // RE2 regex matched against http_request_uri
+  optional string website_regex_exclude = 11; // RE2 regex; entries matching this are excluded
+  optional string uri_regex_exclude     = 12; // RE2 regex; entries matching this are excluded
   TorFilter       tor                = 8;  // restrict to TOR / non-TOR clients
   optional int32  asn_number         = 9;  // filter by client ASN
   StatusOp        asn_op             = 10; // operator for asn_number; ignored when unset
@@ -99,8 +101,15 @@ message Snapshot {
   string             source    = 1;
   int64              timestamp = 2;
   repeated TopNEntry entries   = 3; // top-50K for this 1-minute bucket, sorted desc
+  bool               is_coarse = 4; // true for coarse-ring (5-min) buckets in DumpSnapshots
 }
 
+// DumpSnapshots — returns all ring buffer contents for backfill on aggregator restart.
+// Streams fine-ring buckets (is_coarse=false) followed by coarse-ring buckets
+// (is_coarse=true), then closes. The lock is held only for the initial copy.
+
+message DumpSnapshotsRequest {}
+
 // ListTargets — returns the targets this node knows about.
 // The aggregator returns all configured collectors; a collector returns itself.
 
@@ -120,4 +129,5 @@ service LogtailService {
   rpc Trend           (TrendRequest)        returns (TrendResponse);
   rpc StreamSnapshots (SnapshotRequest)     returns (stream Snapshot);
   rpc ListTargets     (ListTargetsRequest)  returns (ListTargetsResponse);
+  rpc DumpSnapshots   (DumpSnapshotsRequest) returns (stream Snapshot);
 }

proto/logtail_grpc.pb.go

@@ -1,239 +0,0 @@
-// Code generated by protoc-gen-go-grpc. DO NOT EDIT.
-// versions:
-// - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.6.1
-// - protoc             v3.21.12
-// source: proto/logtail.proto
-
-package logtailpb
-
-import (
-	context "context"
-	grpc "google.golang.org/grpc"
-	codes "google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
-	status "google.golang.org/grpc/status"
-)
-
-// This is a compile-time assertion to ensure that this generated file
-// is compatible with the grpc package it is being compiled against.
-// Requires gRPC-Go v1.64.0 or later.
-const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion9
-
-const (
-	LogtailService_TopN_FullMethodName            = "/logtail.LogtailService/TopN"
-	LogtailService_Trend_FullMethodName           = "/logtail.LogtailService/Trend"
-	LogtailService_StreamSnapshots_FullMethodName = "/logtail.LogtailService/StreamSnapshots"
-	LogtailService_ListTargets_FullMethodName     = "/logtail.LogtailService/ListTargets"
-)
-
-// LogtailServiceClient is the client API for LogtailService service.
-//
-// For semantics around ctx use and closing/ending streaming RPCs, please refer to https://pkg.go.dev/google.golang.org/grpc/?tab=doc#ClientConn.NewStream.
-type LogtailServiceClient interface {
-	TopN(ctx context.Context, in *TopNRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*TopNResponse, error)
-	Trend(ctx context.Context, in *TrendRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*TrendResponse, error)
-	StreamSnapshots(ctx context.Context, in *SnapshotRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (grpc.ServerStreamingClient[Snapshot], error)
-	ListTargets(ctx context.Context, in *ListTargetsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*ListTargetsResponse, error)
-}
-
-type logtailServiceClient struct {
-	cc grpc.ClientConnInterface
-}
-
-func NewLogtailServiceClient(cc grpc.ClientConnInterface) LogtailServiceClient {
-	return &logtailServiceClient{cc}
-}
-
-func (c *logtailServiceClient) TopN(ctx context.Context, in *TopNRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*TopNResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
-	out := new(TopNResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, LogtailService_TopN_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return out, nil
-}
-
-func (c *logtailServiceClient) Trend(ctx context.Context, in *TrendRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*TrendResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
-	out := new(TrendResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, LogtailService_Trend_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return out, nil
-}
-
-func (c *logtailServiceClient) StreamSnapshots(ctx context.Context, in *SnapshotRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (grpc.ServerStreamingClient[Snapshot], error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
-	stream, err := c.cc.NewStream(ctx, &LogtailService_ServiceDesc.Streams[0], LogtailService_StreamSnapshots_FullMethodName, cOpts...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	x := &grpc.GenericClientStream[SnapshotRequest, Snapshot]{ClientStream: stream}
-	if err := x.ClientStream.SendMsg(in); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if err := x.ClientStream.CloseSend(); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return x, nil
-}
-
-// This type alias is provided for backwards compatibility with existing code that references the prior non-generic stream type by name.
-type LogtailService_StreamSnapshotsClient = grpc.ServerStreamingClient[Snapshot]
-
-func (c *logtailServiceClient) ListTargets(ctx context.Context, in *ListTargetsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*ListTargetsResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
-	out := new(ListTargetsResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, LogtailService_ListTargets_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return out, nil
-}
-
-// LogtailServiceServer is the server API for LogtailService service.
-// All implementations must embed UnimplementedLogtailServiceServer
-// for forward compatibility.
-type LogtailServiceServer interface {
-	TopN(context.Context, *TopNRequest) (*TopNResponse, error)
-	Trend(context.Context, *TrendRequest) (*TrendResponse, error)
-	StreamSnapshots(*SnapshotRequest, grpc.ServerStreamingServer[Snapshot]) error
-	ListTargets(context.Context, *ListTargetsRequest) (*ListTargetsResponse, error)
-	mustEmbedUnimplementedLogtailServiceServer()
-}
-
-// UnimplementedLogtailServiceServer must be embedded to have
-// forward compatible implementations.
-//
-// NOTE: this should be embedded by value instead of pointer to avoid a nil
-// pointer dereference when methods are called.
-type UnimplementedLogtailServiceServer struct{}
-
-func (UnimplementedLogtailServiceServer) TopN(context.Context, *TopNRequest) (*TopNResponse, error) {
-	return nil, status.Error(codes.Unimplemented, "method TopN not implemented")
-}
-func (UnimplementedLogtailServiceServer) Trend(context.Context, *TrendRequest) (*TrendResponse, error) {
-	return nil, status.Error(codes.Unimplemented, "method Trend not implemented")
-}
-func (UnimplementedLogtailServiceServer) StreamSnapshots(*SnapshotRequest, grpc.ServerStreamingServer[Snapshot]) error {
-	return status.Error(codes.Unimplemented, "method StreamSnapshots not implemented")
-}
-func (UnimplementedLogtailServiceServer) ListTargets(context.Context, *ListTargetsRequest) (*ListTargetsResponse, error) {
-	return nil, status.Error(codes.Unimplemented, "method ListTargets not implemented")
-}
-func (UnimplementedLogtailServiceServer) mustEmbedUnimplementedLogtailServiceServer() {}
-func (UnimplementedLogtailServiceServer) testEmbeddedByValue()                        {}
-
-// UnsafeLogtailServiceServer may be embedded to opt out of forward compatibility for this service.
-// Use of this interface is not recommended, as added methods to LogtailServiceServer will
-// result in compilation errors.
-type UnsafeLogtailServiceServer interface {
-	mustEmbedUnimplementedLogtailServiceServer()
-}
-
-func RegisterLogtailServiceServer(s grpc.ServiceRegistrar, srv LogtailServiceServer) {
-	// If the following call panics, it indicates UnimplementedLogtailServiceServer was
-	// embedded by pointer and is nil.  This will cause panics if an
-	// unimplemented method is ever invoked, so we test this at initialization
-	// time to prevent it from happening at runtime later due to I/O.
-	if t, ok := srv.(interface{ testEmbeddedByValue() }); ok {
-		t.testEmbeddedByValue()
-	}
-	s.RegisterService(&LogtailService_ServiceDesc, srv)
-}
-
-func _LogtailService_TopN_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
-	in := new(TopNRequest)
-	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if interceptor == nil {
-		return srv.(LogtailServiceServer).TopN(ctx, in)
-	}
-	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
-		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: LogtailService_TopN_FullMethodName,
-	}
-	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
-		return srv.(LogtailServiceServer).TopN(ctx, req.(*TopNRequest))
-	}
-	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
-}
-
-func _LogtailService_Trend_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
-	in := new(TrendRequest)
-	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if interceptor == nil {
-		return srv.(LogtailServiceServer).Trend(ctx, in)
-	}
-	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
-		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: LogtailService_Trend_FullMethodName,
-	}
-	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
-		return srv.(LogtailServiceServer).Trend(ctx, req.(*TrendRequest))
-	}
-	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
-}
-
-func _LogtailService_StreamSnapshots_Handler(srv interface{}, stream grpc.ServerStream) error {
-	m := new(SnapshotRequest)
-	if err := stream.RecvMsg(m); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return srv.(LogtailServiceServer).StreamSnapshots(m, &grpc.GenericServerStream[SnapshotRequest, Snapshot]{ServerStream: stream})
-}
-
-// This type alias is provided for backwards compatibility with existing code that references the prior non-generic stream type by name.
-type LogtailService_StreamSnapshotsServer = grpc.ServerStreamingServer[Snapshot]
-
-func _LogtailService_ListTargets_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
-	in := new(ListTargetsRequest)
-	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if interceptor == nil {
-		return srv.(LogtailServiceServer).ListTargets(ctx, in)
-	}
-	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
-		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: LogtailService_ListTargets_FullMethodName,
-	}
-	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
-		return srv.(LogtailServiceServer).ListTargets(ctx, req.(*ListTargetsRequest))
-	}
-	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
-}
-
-// LogtailService_ServiceDesc is the grpc.ServiceDesc for LogtailService service.
-// It's only intended for direct use with grpc.RegisterService,
-// and not to be introspected or modified (even as a copy)
-var LogtailService_ServiceDesc = grpc.ServiceDesc{
-	ServiceName: "logtail.LogtailService",
-	HandlerType: (*LogtailServiceServer)(nil),
-	Methods: []grpc.MethodDesc{
-		{
-			MethodName: "TopN",
-			Handler:    _LogtailService_TopN_Handler,
-		},
-		{
-			MethodName: "Trend",
-			Handler:    _LogtailService_Trend_Handler,
-		},
-		{
-			MethodName: "ListTargets",
-			Handler:    _LogtailService_ListTargets_Handler,
-		},
-	},
-	Streams: []grpc.StreamDesc{
-		{
-			StreamName:    "StreamSnapshots",
-			Handler:       _LogtailService_StreamSnapshots_Handler,
-			ServerStreams: true,
-		},
-	},
-	Metadata: "proto/logtail.proto",
-}

proto/logtailpb/logtail.pb.go

@@ -248,19 +248,21 @@ func (Window) EnumDescriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
 // Filter restricts results to entries matching all specified fields.
 // Unset fields match everything. Exact-match and regex fields are ANDed.
 type Filter struct {
-	state          protoimpl.MessageState `protogen:"open.v1"`
+	state               protoimpl.MessageState `protogen:"open.v1"`
-	Website        *string                `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=website,proto3,oneof" json:"website,omitempty"`
+	Website             *string                `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=website,proto3,oneof" json:"website,omitempty"`
-	ClientPrefix   *string                `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=client_prefix,json=clientPrefix,proto3,oneof" json:"client_prefix,omitempty"`
+	ClientPrefix        *string                `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=client_prefix,json=clientPrefix,proto3,oneof" json:"client_prefix,omitempty"`
-	HttpRequestUri *string                `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=http_request_uri,json=httpRequestUri,proto3,oneof" json:"http_request_uri,omitempty"`
+	HttpRequestUri      *string                `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=http_request_uri,json=httpRequestUri,proto3,oneof" json:"http_request_uri,omitempty"`
-	HttpResponse   *int32                 `protobuf:"varint,4,opt,name=http_response,json=httpResponse,proto3,oneof" json:"http_response,omitempty"`
+	HttpResponse        *int32                 `protobuf:"varint,4,opt,name=http_response,json=httpResponse,proto3,oneof" json:"http_response,omitempty"`
-	StatusOp       StatusOp               `protobuf:"varint,5,opt,name=status_op,json=statusOp,proto3,enum=logtail.StatusOp" json:"status_op,omitempty"` // operator for http_response; ignored when unset
+	StatusOp            StatusOp               `protobuf:"varint,5,opt,name=status_op,json=statusOp,proto3,enum=logtail.StatusOp" json:"status_op,omitempty"`                    // operator for http_response; ignored when unset
-	WebsiteRegex   *string                `protobuf:"bytes,6,opt,name=website_regex,json=websiteRegex,proto3,oneof" json:"website_regex,omitempty"`      // RE2 regex matched against website
+	WebsiteRegex        *string                `protobuf:"bytes,6,opt,name=website_regex,json=websiteRegex,proto3,oneof" json:"website_regex,omitempty"`                         // RE2 regex matched against website
-	UriRegex       *string                `protobuf:"bytes,7,opt,name=uri_regex,json=uriRegex,proto3,oneof" json:"uri_regex,omitempty"`                  // RE2 regex matched against http_request_uri
+	UriRegex            *string                `protobuf:"bytes,7,opt,name=uri_regex,json=uriRegex,proto3,oneof" json:"uri_regex,omitempty"`                                     // RE2 regex matched against http_request_uri
-	Tor            TorFilter              `protobuf:"varint,8,opt,name=tor,proto3,enum=logtail.TorFilter" json:"tor,omitempty"`                          // restrict to TOR / non-TOR clients
+	WebsiteRegexExclude *string                `protobuf:"bytes,11,opt,name=website_regex_exclude,json=websiteRegexExclude,proto3,oneof" json:"website_regex_exclude,omitempty"` // RE2 regex; entries matching this are excluded
-	AsnNumber      *int32                 `protobuf:"varint,9,opt,name=asn_number,json=asnNumber,proto3,oneof" json:"asn_number,omitempty"`              // filter by client ASN
+	UriRegexExclude     *string                `protobuf:"bytes,12,opt,name=uri_regex_exclude,json=uriRegexExclude,proto3,oneof" json:"uri_regex_exclude,omitempty"`             // RE2 regex; entries matching this are excluded
-	AsnOp          StatusOp               `protobuf:"varint,10,opt,name=asn_op,json=asnOp,proto3,enum=logtail.StatusOp" json:"asn_op,omitempty"`         // operator for asn_number; ignored when unset
+	Tor                 TorFilter              `protobuf:"varint,8,opt,name=tor,proto3,enum=logtail.TorFilter" json:"tor,omitempty"`                                             // restrict to TOR / non-TOR clients
-	unknownFields  protoimpl.UnknownFields
+	AsnNumber           *int32                 `protobuf:"varint,9,opt,name=asn_number,json=asnNumber,proto3,oneof" json:"asn_number,omitempty"`                                 // filter by client ASN
-	sizeCache      protoimpl.SizeCache
+	AsnOp               StatusOp               `protobuf:"varint,10,opt,name=asn_op,json=asnOp,proto3,enum=logtail.StatusOp" json:"asn_op,omitempty"`                            // operator for asn_number; ignored when unset
+	unknownFields       protoimpl.UnknownFields
+	sizeCache           protoimpl.SizeCache
 }
 
 func (x *Filter) Reset() {
@@ -342,6 +344,20 @@ func (x *Filter) GetUriRegex() string {
 	return ""
 }
 
+func (x *Filter) GetWebsiteRegexExclude() string {
+	if x != nil && x.WebsiteRegexExclude != nil {
+		return *x.WebsiteRegexExclude
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (x *Filter) GetUriRegexExclude() string {
+	if x != nil && x.UriRegexExclude != nil {
+		return *x.UriRegexExclude
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
 func (x *Filter) GetTor() TorFilter {
 	if x != nil {
 		return x.Tor
@@ -731,7 +747,8 @@ type Snapshot struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState `protogen:"open.v1"`
 	Source        string                 `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=source,proto3" json:"source,omitempty"`
 	Timestamp     int64                  `protobuf:"varint,2,opt,name=timestamp,proto3" json:"timestamp,omitempty"`
-	Entries       []*TopNEntry           `protobuf:"bytes,3,rep,name=entries,proto3" json:"entries,omitempty"` // top-50K for this 1-minute bucket, sorted desc
+	Entries       []*TopNEntry           `protobuf:"bytes,3,rep,name=entries,proto3" json:"entries,omitempty"`                    // top-50K for this 1-minute bucket, sorted desc
+	IsCoarse      bool                   `protobuf:"varint,4,opt,name=is_coarse,json=isCoarse,proto3" json:"is_coarse,omitempty"` // true for coarse-ring (5-min) buckets in DumpSnapshots
 	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
 }
@@ -787,6 +804,49 @@ func (x *Snapshot) GetEntries() []*TopNEntry {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (x *Snapshot) GetIsCoarse() bool {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.IsCoarse
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+type DumpSnapshotsRequest struct {
+	state         protoimpl.MessageState `protogen:"open.v1"`
+	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
+	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
+}
+
+func (x *DumpSnapshotsRequest) Reset() {
+	*x = DumpSnapshotsRequest{}
+	mi := &file_proto_logtail_proto_msgTypes[9]
+	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+}
+
+func (x *DumpSnapshotsRequest) String() string {
+	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
+}
+
+func (*DumpSnapshotsRequest) ProtoMessage() {}
+
+func (x *DumpSnapshotsRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
+	mi := &file_proto_logtail_proto_msgTypes[9]
+	if x != nil {
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
+			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+		}
+		return ms
+	}
+	return mi.MessageOf(x)
+}
+
+// Deprecated: Use DumpSnapshotsRequest.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
+func (*DumpSnapshotsRequest) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_proto_logtail_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{9}
+}
+
 type ListTargetsRequest struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState `protogen:"open.v1"`
 	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
@@ -795,7 +855,7 @@ type ListTargetsRequest struct {
 
 func (x *ListTargetsRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = ListTargetsRequest{}
-	mi := &file_proto_logtail_proto_msgTypes[9]
+	mi := &file_proto_logtail_proto_msgTypes[10]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -807,7 +867,7 @@ func (x *ListTargetsRequest) String() string {
 func (*ListTargetsRequest) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *ListTargetsRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_proto_logtail_proto_msgTypes[9]
+	mi := &file_proto_logtail_proto_msgTypes[10]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -820,7 +880,7 @@ func (x *ListTargetsRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use ListTargetsRequest.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*ListTargetsRequest) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_proto_logtail_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{9}
+	return file_proto_logtail_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{10}
 }
 
 type TargetInfo struct {
@@ -833,7 +893,7 @@ type TargetInfo struct {
 
 func (x *TargetInfo) Reset() {
 	*x = TargetInfo{}
-	mi := &file_proto_logtail_proto_msgTypes[10]
+	mi := &file_proto_logtail_proto_msgTypes[11]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -845,7 +905,7 @@ func (x *TargetInfo) String() string {
 func (*TargetInfo) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *TargetInfo) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_proto_logtail_proto_msgTypes[10]
+	mi := &file_proto_logtail_proto_msgTypes[11]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -858,7 +918,7 @@ func (x *TargetInfo) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use TargetInfo.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*TargetInfo) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_proto_logtail_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{10}
+	return file_proto_logtail_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{11}
 }
 
 func (x *TargetInfo) GetName() string {
@@ -884,7 +944,7 @@ type ListTargetsResponse struct {
 
 func (x *ListTargetsResponse) Reset() {
 	*x = ListTargetsResponse{}
-	mi := &file_proto_logtail_proto_msgTypes[11]
+	mi := &file_proto_logtail_proto_msgTypes[12]
 	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 }
@@ -896,7 +956,7 @@ func (x *ListTargetsResponse) String() string {
 func (*ListTargetsResponse) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *ListTargetsResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_proto_logtail_proto_msgTypes[11]
+	mi := &file_proto_logtail_proto_msgTypes[12]
 	if x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -909,7 +969,7 @@ func (x *ListTargetsResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use ListTargetsResponse.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*ListTargetsResponse) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_proto_logtail_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{11}
+	return file_proto_logtail_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{12}
 }
 
 func (x *ListTargetsResponse) GetTargets() []*TargetInfo {
@@ -923,7 +983,7 @@ var File_proto_logtail_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor
 
 const file_proto_logtail_proto_rawDesc = "" +
 	"\n" +
-	"\x13proto/logtail.proto\x12\alogtail\"\x8e\x04\n" +
+	"\x13proto/logtail.proto\x12\alogtail\"\xa8\x05\n" +
 	"\x06Filter\x12\x1d\n" +
 	"\awebsite\x18\x01 \x01(\tH\x00R\awebsite\x88\x01\x01\x12(\n" +
 	"\rclient_prefix\x18\x02 \x01(\tH\x01R\fclientPrefix\x88\x01\x01\x12-\n" +
@@ -931,10 +991,12 @@ const file_proto_logtail_proto_rawDesc = "" +
 	"\rhttp_response\x18\x04 \x01(\x05H\x03R\fhttpResponse\x88\x01\x01\x12.\n" +
 	"\tstatus_op\x18\x05 \x01(\x0e2\x11.logtail.StatusOpR\bstatusOp\x12(\n" +
 	"\rwebsite_regex\x18\x06 \x01(\tH\x04R\fwebsiteRegex\x88\x01\x01\x12 \n" +
-	"\turi_regex\x18\a \x01(\tH\x05R\buriRegex\x88\x01\x01\x12$\n" +
+	"\turi_regex\x18\a \x01(\tH\x05R\buriRegex\x88\x01\x01\x127\n" +
+	"\x15website_regex_exclude\x18\v \x01(\tH\x06R\x13websiteRegexExclude\x88\x01\x01\x12/\n" +
+	"\x11uri_regex_exclude\x18\f \x01(\tH\aR\x0furiRegexExclude\x88\x01\x01\x12$\n" +
 	"\x03tor\x18\b \x01(\x0e2\x12.logtail.TorFilterR\x03tor\x12\"\n" +
 	"\n" +
-	"asn_number\x18\t \x01(\x05H\x06R\tasnNumber\x88\x01\x01\x12(\n" +
+	"asn_number\x18\t \x01(\x05H\bR\tasnNumber\x88\x01\x01\x12(\n" +
 	"\x06asn_op\x18\n" +
 	" \x01(\x0e2\x11.logtail.StatusOpR\x05asnOpB\n" +
 	"\n" +
@@ -944,7 +1006,9 @@ const file_proto_logtail_proto_rawDesc = "" +
 	"\x0e_http_responseB\x10\n" +
 	"\x0e_website_regexB\f\n" +
 	"\n" +
-	"_uri_regexB\r\n" +
+	"_uri_regexB\x18\n" +
+	"\x16_website_regex_excludeB\x14\n" +
+	"\x12_uri_regex_excludeB\r\n" +
 	"\v_asn_number\"\x9a\x01\n" +
 	"\vTopNRequest\x12'\n" +
 	"\x06filter\x18\x01 \x01(\v2\x0f.logtail.FilterR\x06filter\x12+\n" +
@@ -967,11 +1031,13 @@ const file_proto_logtail_proto_rawDesc = "" +
 	"\rTrendResponse\x12+\n" +
 	"\x06points\x18\x01 \x03(\v2\x13.logtail.TrendPointR\x06points\x12\x16\n" +
 	"\x06source\x18\x02 \x01(\tR\x06source\"\x11\n" +
-	"\x0fSnapshotRequest\"n\n" +
+	"\x0fSnapshotRequest\"\x8b\x01\n" +
 	"\bSnapshot\x12\x16\n" +
 	"\x06source\x18\x01 \x01(\tR\x06source\x12\x1c\n" +
 	"\ttimestamp\x18\x02 \x01(\x03R\ttimestamp\x12,\n" +
-	"\aentries\x18\x03 \x03(\v2\x12.logtail.TopNEntryR\aentries\"\x14\n" +
+	"\aentries\x18\x03 \x03(\v2\x12.logtail.TopNEntryR\aentries\x12\x1b\n" +
+	"\tis_coarse\x18\x04 \x01(\bR\bisCoarse\"\x16\n" +
+	"\x14DumpSnapshotsRequest\"\x14\n" +
 	"\x12ListTargetsRequest\"4\n" +
 	"\n" +
 	"TargetInfo\x12\x12\n" +
@@ -1004,12 +1070,13 @@ const file_proto_logtail_proto_rawDesc = "" +
 	"\x04W15M\x10\x02\x12\b\n" +
 	"\x04W60M\x10\x03\x12\a\n" +
 	"\x03W6H\x10\x04\x12\b\n" +
-	"\x04W24H\x10\x052\x89\x02\n" +
+	"\x04W24H\x10\x052\xce\x02\n" +
 	"\x0eLogtailService\x123\n" +
 	"\x04TopN\x12\x14.logtail.TopNRequest\x1a\x15.logtail.TopNResponse\x126\n" +
 	"\x05Trend\x12\x15.logtail.TrendRequest\x1a\x16.logtail.TrendResponse\x12@\n" +
 	"\x0fStreamSnapshots\x12\x18.logtail.SnapshotRequest\x1a\x11.logtail.Snapshot0\x01\x12H\n" +
-	"\vListTargets\x12\x1b.logtail.ListTargetsRequest\x1a\x1c.logtail.ListTargetsResponseB0Z.git.ipng.ch/ipng/nginx-logtail/proto/logtailpbb\x06proto3"
+	"\vListTargets\x12\x1b.logtail.ListTargetsRequest\x1a\x1c.logtail.ListTargetsResponse\x12C\n" +
+	"\rDumpSnapshots\x12\x1d.logtail.DumpSnapshotsRequest\x1a\x11.logtail.Snapshot0\x01B0Z.git.ipng.ch/ipng/nginx-logtail/proto/logtailpbb\x06proto3"
 
 var (
 	file_proto_logtail_proto_rawDescOnce sync.Once
@@ -1024,24 +1091,25 @@ func file_proto_logtail_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }
 
 var file_proto_logtail_proto_enumTypes = make([]protoimpl.EnumInfo, 4)
-var file_proto_logtail_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 12)
+var file_proto_logtail_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 13)
 var file_proto_logtail_proto_goTypes = []any{
-	(TorFilter)(0),              // 0: logtail.TorFilter
+	(TorFilter)(0),               // 0: logtail.TorFilter
-	(StatusOp)(0),               // 1: logtail.StatusOp
+	(StatusOp)(0),                // 1: logtail.StatusOp
-	(GroupBy)(0),                // 2: logtail.GroupBy
+	(GroupBy)(0),                 // 2: logtail.GroupBy
-	(Window)(0),                 // 3: logtail.Window
+	(Window)(0),                  // 3: logtail.Window
-	(*Filter)(nil),              // 4: logtail.Filter
+	(*Filter)(nil),               // 4: logtail.Filter
-	(*TopNRequest)(nil),         // 5: logtail.TopNRequest
+	(*TopNRequest)(nil),          // 5: logtail.TopNRequest
-	(*TopNEntry)(nil),           // 6: logtail.TopNEntry
+	(*TopNEntry)(nil),            // 6: logtail.TopNEntry
-	(*TopNResponse)(nil),        // 7: logtail.TopNResponse
+	(*TopNResponse)(nil),         // 7: logtail.TopNResponse
-	(*TrendRequest)(nil),        // 8: logtail.TrendRequest
+	(*TrendRequest)(nil),         // 8: logtail.TrendRequest
-	(*TrendPoint)(nil),          // 9: logtail.TrendPoint
+	(*TrendPoint)(nil),           // 9: logtail.TrendPoint
-	(*TrendResponse)(nil),       // 10: logtail.TrendResponse
+	(*TrendResponse)(nil),        // 10: logtail.TrendResponse
-	(*SnapshotRequest)(nil),     // 11: logtail.SnapshotRequest
+	(*SnapshotRequest)(nil),      // 11: logtail.SnapshotRequest
-	(*Snapshot)(nil),            // 12: logtail.Snapshot
+	(*Snapshot)(nil),             // 12: logtail.Snapshot
-	(*ListTargetsRequest)(nil),  // 13: logtail.ListTargetsRequest
+	(*DumpSnapshotsRequest)(nil), // 13: logtail.DumpSnapshotsRequest
-	(*TargetInfo)(nil),          // 14: logtail.TargetInfo
+	(*ListTargetsRequest)(nil),   // 14: logtail.ListTargetsRequest
-	(*ListTargetsResponse)(nil), // 15: logtail.ListTargetsResponse
+	(*TargetInfo)(nil),           // 15: logtail.TargetInfo
+	(*ListTargetsResponse)(nil),  // 16: logtail.ListTargetsResponse
 }
 var file_proto_logtail_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
 	1,  // 0: logtail.Filter.status_op:type_name -> logtail.StatusOp
@@ -1055,17 +1123,19 @@ var file_proto_logtail_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
 	3,  // 8: logtail.TrendRequest.window:type_name -> logtail.Window
 	9,  // 9: logtail.TrendResponse.points:type_name -> logtail.TrendPoint
 	6,  // 10: logtail.Snapshot.entries:type_name -> logtail.TopNEntry
-	14, // 11: logtail.ListTargetsResponse.targets:type_name -> logtail.TargetInfo
+	15, // 11: logtail.ListTargetsResponse.targets:type_name -> logtail.TargetInfo
 	5,  // 12: logtail.LogtailService.TopN:input_type -> logtail.TopNRequest
 	8,  // 13: logtail.LogtailService.Trend:input_type -> logtail.TrendRequest
 	11, // 14: logtail.LogtailService.StreamSnapshots:input_type -> logtail.SnapshotRequest
-	13, // 15: logtail.LogtailService.ListTargets:input_type -> logtail.ListTargetsRequest
+	14, // 15: logtail.LogtailService.ListTargets:input_type -> logtail.ListTargetsRequest
-	7,  // 16: logtail.LogtailService.TopN:output_type -> logtail.TopNResponse
+	13, // 16: logtail.LogtailService.DumpSnapshots:input_type -> logtail.DumpSnapshotsRequest
-	10, // 17: logtail.LogtailService.Trend:output_type -> logtail.TrendResponse
+	7,  // 17: logtail.LogtailService.TopN:output_type -> logtail.TopNResponse
-	12, // 18: logtail.LogtailService.StreamSnapshots:output_type -> logtail.Snapshot
+	10, // 18: logtail.LogtailService.Trend:output_type -> logtail.TrendResponse
-	15, // 19: logtail.LogtailService.ListTargets:output_type -> logtail.ListTargetsResponse
+	12, // 19: logtail.LogtailService.StreamSnapshots:output_type -> logtail.Snapshot
-	16, // [16:20] is the sub-list for method output_type
+	16, // 20: logtail.LogtailService.ListTargets:output_type -> logtail.ListTargetsResponse
-	12, // [12:16] is the sub-list for method input_type
+	12, // 21: logtail.LogtailService.DumpSnapshots:output_type -> logtail.Snapshot
+	17, // [17:22] is the sub-list for method output_type
+	12, // [12:17] is the sub-list for method input_type
 	12, // [12:12] is the sub-list for extension type_name
 	12, // [12:12] is the sub-list for extension extendee
 	0,  // [0:12] is the sub-list for field type_name
@@ -1083,7 +1153,7 @@ func file_proto_logtail_proto_init() {
 			GoPackagePath: reflect.TypeOf(x{}).PkgPath(),
 			RawDescriptor: unsafe.Slice(unsafe.StringData(file_proto_logtail_proto_rawDesc), len(file_proto_logtail_proto_rawDesc)),
 			NumEnums:      4,
-			NumMessages:   12,
+			NumMessages:   13,
 			NumExtensions: 0,
 			NumServices:   1,
 		},

proto/logtailpb/logtail_grpc.pb.go

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ const (
 	LogtailService_Trend_FullMethodName           = "/logtail.LogtailService/Trend"
 	LogtailService_StreamSnapshots_FullMethodName = "/logtail.LogtailService/StreamSnapshots"
 	LogtailService_ListTargets_FullMethodName     = "/logtail.LogtailService/ListTargets"
+	LogtailService_DumpSnapshots_FullMethodName   = "/logtail.LogtailService/DumpSnapshots"
 )
 
 // LogtailServiceClient is the client API for LogtailService service.
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ type LogtailServiceClient interface {
 	Trend(ctx context.Context, in *TrendRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*TrendResponse, error)
 	StreamSnapshots(ctx context.Context, in *SnapshotRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (grpc.ServerStreamingClient[Snapshot], error)
 	ListTargets(ctx context.Context, in *ListTargetsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*ListTargetsResponse, error)
+	DumpSnapshots(ctx context.Context, in *DumpSnapshotsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (grpc.ServerStreamingClient[Snapshot], error)
 }
 
 type logtailServiceClient struct {
@@ -92,6 +94,25 @@ func (c *logtailServiceClient) ListTargets(ctx context.Context, in *ListTargetsR
 	return out, nil
 }
 
+func (c *logtailServiceClient) DumpSnapshots(ctx context.Context, in *DumpSnapshotsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (grpc.ServerStreamingClient[Snapshot], error) {
+	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
+	stream, err := c.cc.NewStream(ctx, &LogtailService_ServiceDesc.Streams[1], LogtailService_DumpSnapshots_FullMethodName, cOpts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	x := &grpc.GenericClientStream[DumpSnapshotsRequest, Snapshot]{ClientStream: stream}
+	if err := x.ClientStream.SendMsg(in); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := x.ClientStream.CloseSend(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return x, nil
+}
+
+// This type alias is provided for backwards compatibility with existing code that references the prior non-generic stream type by name.
+type LogtailService_DumpSnapshotsClient = grpc.ServerStreamingClient[Snapshot]
+
 // LogtailServiceServer is the server API for LogtailService service.
 // All implementations must embed UnimplementedLogtailServiceServer
 // for forward compatibility.
@@ -100,6 +121,7 @@ type LogtailServiceServer interface {
 	Trend(context.Context, *TrendRequest) (*TrendResponse, error)
 	StreamSnapshots(*SnapshotRequest, grpc.ServerStreamingServer[Snapshot]) error
 	ListTargets(context.Context, *ListTargetsRequest) (*ListTargetsResponse, error)
+	DumpSnapshots(*DumpSnapshotsRequest, grpc.ServerStreamingServer[Snapshot]) error
 	mustEmbedUnimplementedLogtailServiceServer()
 }
 
@@ -122,6 +144,9 @@ func (UnimplementedLogtailServiceServer) StreamSnapshots(*SnapshotRequest, grpc.
 func (UnimplementedLogtailServiceServer) ListTargets(context.Context, *ListTargetsRequest) (*ListTargetsResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Error(codes.Unimplemented, "method ListTargets not implemented")
 }
+func (UnimplementedLogtailServiceServer) DumpSnapshots(*DumpSnapshotsRequest, grpc.ServerStreamingServer[Snapshot]) error {
+	return status.Error(codes.Unimplemented, "method DumpSnapshots not implemented")
+}
 func (UnimplementedLogtailServiceServer) mustEmbedUnimplementedLogtailServiceServer() {}
 func (UnimplementedLogtailServiceServer) testEmbeddedByValue()                        {}
 
@@ -208,6 +233,17 @@ func _LogtailService_ListTargets_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, d
 	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
 }
 
+func _LogtailService_DumpSnapshots_Handler(srv interface{}, stream grpc.ServerStream) error {
+	m := new(DumpSnapshotsRequest)
+	if err := stream.RecvMsg(m); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return srv.(LogtailServiceServer).DumpSnapshots(m, &grpc.GenericServerStream[DumpSnapshotsRequest, Snapshot]{ServerStream: stream})
+}
+
+// This type alias is provided for backwards compatibility with existing code that references the prior non-generic stream type by name.
+type LogtailService_DumpSnapshotsServer = grpc.ServerStreamingServer[Snapshot]
+
 // LogtailService_ServiceDesc is the grpc.ServiceDesc for LogtailService service.
 // It's only intended for direct use with grpc.RegisterService,
 // and not to be introspected or modified (even as a copy)
@@ -234,6 +270,11 @@ var LogtailService_ServiceDesc = grpc.ServiceDesc{
 			Handler:       _LogtailService_StreamSnapshots_Handler,
 			ServerStreams: true,
 		},
+		{
+			StreamName:    "DumpSnapshots",
+			Handler:       _LogtailService_DumpSnapshots_Handler,
+			ServerStreams: true,
+		},
 	},
 	Metadata: "proto/logtail.proto",
 }