vpp-maglev/cmd/frontend/client.go

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

package main

import (
	"context"
	"encoding/json"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"log/slog"
	"net"
	"sort"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"time"

	"google.golang.org/grpc"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials/insecure"

	"git.ipng.ch/ipng/vpp-maglev/internal/grpcapi"
)

// maglevClient is a per-maglevd gRPC client plus cache and background loops.
type maglevClient struct {
	name    string
	address string
	conn    *grpc.ClientConn
	api     grpcapi.MaglevClient
	broker  *Broker

	mu        sync.RWMutex
	connected bool
	lastErr   string
	cache     cachedState

	// lbWakeCh is a buffer-1 trigger channel feeding lbStateLoop. Every
	// backend transition (and a few other events) does a non-blocking send
	// here; the loop coalesces bursts into at most one GetVPPLBState call
	// per second. See lbStateLoop for the leading+trailing-edge debounce.
	lbWakeCh chan struct{}
}

// cachedState is the per-maglevd snapshot served via the REST handlers.
// Frontends / Backends / HealthChecks are maps for O(1) lookup from the
// event path, and the *Order slices preserve the order returned by the
// corresponding List* RPC so the UI renders in a stable order across
// reloads instead of Go map iteration's randomised order.
type cachedState struct {
	Frontends        map[string]*FrontendSnapshot
	FrontendsOrder   []string
	Backends         map[string]*BackendSnapshot
	BackendsOrder    []string
	HealthChecks     map[string]*HealthCheckSnapshot
	HealthCheckOrder []string
	VPPInfo          *VPPInfoSnapshot
	VPPState         string // "", "connected", "disconnected"
	LBState          *LBStateSnapshot
	LastRefresh      time.Time
}

func newMaglevClient(address string, broker *Broker) (*maglevClient, error) {
	conn, err := grpc.NewClient(address,
		grpc.WithTransportCredentials(insecure.NewCredentials()))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return &maglevClient{
		name:    hostnameOf(address),
		address: address,
		conn:    conn,
		api:     grpcapi.NewMaglevClient(conn),
		broker:  broker,
		cache: cachedState{
			Frontends:    map[string]*FrontendSnapshot{},
			Backends:     map[string]*BackendSnapshot{},
			HealthChecks: map[string]*HealthCheckSnapshot{},
		},
		lbWakeCh: make(chan struct{}, 1),
	}, nil
}

// hostnameOf strips the port from an address and returns a short display
// name. For DNS names we take the first label ("lb-ams.internal:9090" →
// "lb-ams"). For IP literals we return the full address so we don't
// accidentally truncate "127.0.0.1" to "127".
func hostnameOf(address string) string {
	host := address
	if h, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(address); err == nil {
		host = h
	}
	host = strings.TrimPrefix(strings.TrimSuffix(host, "]"), "[")
	if net.ParseIP(host) != nil {
		return host
	}
	if i := strings.Index(host, "."); i >= 0 {
		return host[:i]
	}
	return host
}

func (c *maglevClient) Close() {
	_ = c.conn.Close()
}

// BackendAction runs one of the four lifecycle operations on a backend.
// Valid actions are "pause", "resume", "enable", and "disable". The
// fresh backend snapshot returned by maglevd is converted and sent
// back to the caller so the admin API handler can reply with the
// post-mutation state in a single round-trip. The broadcast
// WatchEvents stream will also deliver a transition event which the
// local cache and every connected browser apply through the normal
// reducer path — so the UI converges even if the HTTP response is
// slow or dropped in flight.
func (c *maglevClient) BackendAction(ctx context.Context, name, action string) (*BackendSnapshot, error) {
	req := &grpcapi.BackendRequest{Name: name}
	var bi *grpcapi.BackendInfo
	var err error
	switch action {
	case "pause":
		bi, err = c.api.PauseBackend(ctx, req)
	case "resume":
		bi, err = c.api.ResumeBackend(ctx, req)
	case "enable":
		bi, err = c.api.EnableBackend(ctx, req)
	case "disable":
		bi, err = c.api.DisableBackend(ctx, req)
	default:
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown action %q", action)
	}
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return backendFromProto(bi), nil
}

// SetBackendWeight runs the SetFrontendPoolBackendWeight gRPC call. A
// fresh FrontendSnapshot is returned so admin callers get the
// post-mutation effective weights in one round-trip.
func (c *maglevClient) SetBackendWeight(ctx context.Context, frontend, pool, backend string, weight int32, flush bool) (*FrontendSnapshot, error) {
	fi, err := c.api.SetFrontendPoolBackendWeight(ctx, &grpcapi.SetWeightRequest{
		Frontend: frontend,
		Pool:     pool,
		Backend:  backend,
		Weight:   weight,
		Flush:    flush,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return frontendFromProto(fi), nil
}

func (c *maglevClient) Start(ctx context.Context) {
	go c.watchLoop(ctx)
	go c.refreshLoop(ctx)
	go c.healthLoop(ctx)
	go c.lbStateLoop(ctx)
}

func (c *maglevClient) setConnected(ok bool, errMsg string) {
	c.mu.Lock()
	prev := c.connected
	c.connected = ok
	c.lastErr = errMsg
	c.mu.Unlock()
	if prev != ok {
		payload, _ := json.Marshal(MaglevdStatusPayload{Connected: ok, LastError: errMsg})
		c.broker.Publish(BrowserEvent{
			Maglevd:  c.name,
			Type:     "maglevd-status",
			AtUnixNs: time.Now().UnixNano(),
			Payload:  payload,
		})
	}
}

// Info returns the current connection status for this maglevd.
func (c *maglevClient) Info() MaglevdInfo {
	c.mu.RLock()
	defer c.mu.RUnlock()
	return MaglevdInfo{
		Name:      c.name,
		Address:   c.address,
		Connected: c.connected,
		LastError: c.lastErr,
	}
}

// Snapshot returns a deep-ish copy of the cached state for REST handlers.
// Iteration order follows the corresponding *Order slice so the UI sees a
// stable, RPC-defined order across reloads.
func (c *maglevClient) Snapshot() *StateSnapshot {
	c.mu.RLock()
	defer c.mu.RUnlock()
	snap := &StateSnapshot{
		Maglevd: MaglevdInfo{
			Name:      c.name,
			Address:   c.address,
			Connected: c.connected,
			LastError: c.lastErr,
		},
		Frontends:    make([]*FrontendSnapshot, 0, len(c.cache.FrontendsOrder)),
		Backends:     make([]*BackendSnapshot, 0, len(c.cache.BackendsOrder)),
		HealthChecks: make([]*HealthCheckSnapshot, 0, len(c.cache.HealthCheckOrder)),
		VPPInfo:      c.cache.VPPInfo,
		VPPState:     c.cache.VPPState,
		LBState:      c.cache.LBState,
	}
	for _, name := range c.cache.FrontendsOrder {
		if f, ok := c.cache.Frontends[name]; ok {
			snap.Frontends = append(snap.Frontends, f)
		}
	}
	for _, name := range c.cache.BackendsOrder {
		if b, ok := c.cache.Backends[name]; ok {
			snap.Backends = append(snap.Backends, b)
		}
	}
	for _, name := range c.cache.HealthCheckOrder {
		if h, ok := c.cache.HealthChecks[name]; ok {
			snap.HealthChecks = append(snap.HealthChecks, h)
		}
	}
	return snap
}

// refreshAll pulls a full fresh view of the maglevd's state into the cache.
// Called from the refreshLoop every 30s and immediately after a successful
// reconnect.
func (c *maglevClient) refreshAll(ctx context.Context) error {
	rctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()

	frontends := map[string]*FrontendSnapshot{}
	fl, err := c.api.ListFrontends(rctx, &grpcapi.ListFrontendsRequest{})
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("list frontends: %w", err)
	}
	// Sort alphabetically so the UI layout is stable across
	// reloads/restarts. maglevd's checker.ListFrontends already sorts
	// in current versions, but older builds don't — sort here too as
	// a belt-and-braces guarantee.
	frontendsOrder := append([]string(nil), fl.GetFrontendNames()...)
	sort.Strings(frontendsOrder)
	for _, name := range frontendsOrder {
		fi, err := c.api.GetFrontend(rctx, &grpcapi.GetFrontendRequest{Name: name})
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("get frontend %s: %w", name, err)
		}
		frontends[name] = frontendFromProto(fi)
	}

	backends := map[string]*BackendSnapshot{}
	bl, err := c.api.ListBackends(rctx, &grpcapi.ListBackendsRequest{})
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("list backends: %w", err)
	}
	backendsOrder := append([]string(nil), bl.GetBackendNames()...)
	for _, name := range backendsOrder {
		bi, err := c.api.GetBackend(rctx, &grpcapi.GetBackendRequest{Name: name})
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("get backend %s: %w", name, err)
		}
		backends[name] = backendFromProto(bi)
	}

	healthchecks := map[string]*HealthCheckSnapshot{}
	hl, err := c.api.ListHealthChecks(rctx, &grpcapi.ListHealthChecksRequest{})
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("list healthchecks: %w", err)
	}
	healthCheckOrder := append([]string(nil), hl.GetNames()...)
	for _, name := range healthCheckOrder {
		hi, err := c.api.GetHealthCheck(rctx, &grpcapi.GetHealthCheckRequest{Name: name})
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("get healthcheck %s: %w", name, err)
		}
		healthchecks[name] = healthCheckFromProto(hi)
	}

	var vppInfo *VPPInfoSnapshot
	vppState := "disconnected"
	if vi, err := c.api.GetVPPInfo(rctx, &grpcapi.GetVPPInfoRequest{}); err == nil {
		vppInfo = &VPPInfoSnapshot{
			Version:       vi.GetVersion(),
			BuildDate:     vi.GetBuildDate(),
			PID:           vi.GetPid(),
			BoottimeNs:    vi.GetBoottimeNs(),
			ConnecttimeNs: vi.GetConnecttimeNs(),
		}
		vppState = "connected"
	}

	c.mu.Lock()
	// Frontend state comes from the FrontendEvent stream, not the
	// FrontendInfo proto — carry any known state from the old cache over
	// to the freshly-listed entries so a periodic refresh doesn't blank
	// the state badges until the next live transition arrives.
	for name, f := range frontends {
		if old, ok := c.cache.Frontends[name]; ok && old.State != "" {
			f.State = old.State
		}
	}
	c.cache.Frontends = frontends
	c.cache.FrontendsOrder = frontendsOrder
	c.cache.Backends = backends
	c.cache.BackendsOrder = backendsOrder
	c.cache.HealthChecks = healthchecks
	c.cache.HealthCheckOrder = healthCheckOrder
	c.cache.VPPInfo = vppInfo
	c.cache.VPPState = vppState
	c.cache.LastRefresh = time.Now()
	c.mu.Unlock()
	// Best-effort LB state pull so /view/api/state served on a fresh
	// page load already carries the bucket column. Errors are
	// swallowed by fetchLBStateAndPublish (which clears the cache and
	// emits an empty event so the SPA renders "—").
	c.fetchLBStateAndPublish(ctx)
	return nil
}

// watchLoop subscribes to WatchEvents and feeds the broker until the context
// is cancelled. Reconnects with exponential backoff on stream errors.
func (c *maglevClient) watchLoop(ctx context.Context) {
	backoff := time.Second
	maxBackoff := 30 * time.Second
	for {
		if ctx.Err() != nil {
			return
		}
		if err := c.watchOnce(ctx); err != nil {
			if ctx.Err() != nil {
				return
			}
			slog.Warn("watch-disconnected", "maglevd", c.name, "err", err)
			c.setConnected(false, err.Error())
			select {
			case <-ctx.Done():
				return
			case <-time.After(backoff):
			}
			backoff *= 2
			if backoff > maxBackoff {
				backoff = maxBackoff
			}
			continue
		}
		backoff = time.Second
	}
}

func (c *maglevClient) watchOnce(ctx context.Context) error {
	logFlag := true
	backendFlag := true
	frontendFlag := true
	req := &grpcapi.WatchRequest{
		Log:      &logFlag,
		LogLevel: "debug",
		Backend:  &backendFlag,
		Frontend: &frontendFlag,
	}
	stream, err := c.api.WatchEvents(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("open stream: %w", err)
	}
	// Successful subscribe: mark connected and pull a fresh snapshot so
	// the REST cache is immediately ground-truth accurate. WatchEvents
	// itself replays current state as synthetic from==to events, which
	// will also update the cache as they arrive.
	c.setConnected(true, "")
	if err := c.refreshAll(ctx); err != nil {
		slog.Warn("refresh-after-watch", "maglevd", c.name, "err", err)
	}
	for {
		ev, err := stream.Recv()
		if err != nil {
			if errors.Is(err, io.EOF) || ctx.Err() != nil {
				return nil
			}
			return err
		}
		c.handleEvent(ev)
	}
}

// handleEvent applies an incoming gRPC event to the local cache and
// publishes a corresponding BrowserEvent on the broker.
func (c *maglevClient) handleEvent(ev *grpcapi.Event) {
	switch body := ev.GetEvent().(type) {
	case *grpcapi.Event_Log:
		le := body.Log
		if le == nil {
			return
		}
		attrs := make(map[string]string, len(le.GetAttrs()))
		for _, a := range le.GetAttrs() {
			attrs[a.GetKey()] = a.GetValue()
		}
		c.applyVPPLogHeartbeat(le.GetMsg())
		// A config reload on maglevd can shuffle anything: add or
		// remove frontends, change pool membership, flip configured
		// weights, move backends between pools. Rather than try to
		// incrementally update the cache for every possible change,
		// refresh the whole maglevd state and tell every connected
		// browser to re-hydrate from the fresh snapshot. Only the
		// "-done" event triggers this, not "-start": a failed reload
		// (which never emits "-done") leaves the running config
		// unchanged, so no refresh is needed.
		if le.GetMsg() == "config-reload-done" {
			c.triggerConfigResync()
		}
		payload, _ := json.Marshal(LogEventPayload{
			Level: le.GetLevel(),
			Msg:   le.GetMsg(),
			Attrs: attrs,
		})
		c.broker.Publish(BrowserEvent{
			Maglevd:  c.name,
			Type:     "log",
			AtUnixNs: le.GetAtUnixNs(),
			Payload:  payload,
		})

	case *grpcapi.Event_Backend:
		be := body.Backend
		if be == nil || be.GetTransition() == nil {
			return
		}
		tr := transitionFromProto(be.GetTransition())
		// maglevd replays current state on WatchEvents subscribe as a
		// synthetic event with from==to and at_unix_ns=0 (see
		// internal/grpcapi/server.go). It is not a real transition — the
		// in-process cache is already correct from refreshAll, so don't
		// touch LastTransition (which would clobber it with at=0 and
		// render as "55 years ago" in the browser) and don't forward to
		// the broker.
		if tr.From == tr.To {
			return
		}
		c.applyBackendTransition(be.GetBackendName(), tr)
		payload, _ := json.Marshal(BackendEventPayload{
			Backend:    be.GetBackendName(),
			Transition: *tr,
		})
		c.broker.Publish(BrowserEvent{
			Maglevd:  c.name,
			Type:     "backend",
			AtUnixNs: tr.AtUnixNs,
			Payload:  payload,
		})
		// A real transition means VPP is about to (or already did)
		// reshuffle bucket allocations across the affected VIP. Wake
		// the lb-state loop so the SPA's bucket column converges
		// without waiting for the 30s refresh.
		c.triggerLBStateFetch()

	case *grpcapi.Event_Frontend:
		fe := body.Frontend
		if fe == nil || fe.GetTransition() == nil {
			return
		}
		tr := transitionFromProto(fe.GetTransition())
		// Always update the cached state — synthetic from==to events on
		// subscribe are how we learn the initial frontend state (there's
		// no equivalent field in the FrontendInfo proto). Only publish
		// genuine transitions to the browser so the debug panel doesn't
		// show 'up → up' spam on every gRPC reconnect.
		c.applyFrontendState(fe.GetFrontendName(), tr.To)
		if tr.From == tr.To {
			return
		}
		payload, _ := json.Marshal(FrontendEventPayload{
			Frontend:   fe.GetFrontendName(),
			Transition: *tr,
		})
		c.broker.Publish(BrowserEvent{
			Maglevd:  c.name,
			Type:     "frontend",
			AtUnixNs: tr.AtUnixNs,
			Payload:  payload,
		})
	}
}

// triggerConfigResync runs refreshAll off the event-dispatch goroutine
// (so the stream.Recv loop isn't blocked while the full config refetch
// hits several gRPC calls) and then publishes a BrowserEvent of type
// "resync" so every connected browser re-fetches /view/api/state from
// the now-fresh cache. Fired in response to a maglevd "config-reload-
// done" log event.
//
// The refresh-then-publish order matters: if we published first, the
// SPA would fetchState from a stale cache and display old data until
// the next 30s refresh tick. Running refreshAll synchronously inside
// this goroutine closes that window.
//
// The resync event goes through the normal broker → ring buffer path,
// so a browser that reconnects shortly after the reload (within the
// 30s / 2000-event replay window) still sees the resync on its first
// live event and re-hydrates without needing a separate out-of-band
// signal.
func (c *maglevClient) triggerConfigResync() {
	go func() {
		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 15*time.Second)
		defer cancel()
		if err := c.refreshAll(ctx); err != nil {
			slog.Warn("config-resync-refresh", "maglevd", c.name, "err", err)
			// Publish anyway — the SPA's refetch will see the
			// cache in whatever state refreshAll left it, and
			// the periodic refreshLoop will retry. Better than
			// silently dropping the signal.
		}
		c.broker.Publish(BrowserEvent{
			Maglevd:  c.name,
			Type:     "resync",
			AtUnixNs: time.Now().UnixNano(),
			Payload:  json.RawMessage("{}"),
		})
	}()
}

// applyFrontendState writes the given state into the cached frontend
// snapshot. Called both by synthetic replay events on subscribe and by
// live transitions afterwards.
func (c *maglevClient) applyFrontendState(name, state string) {
	c.mu.Lock()
	defer c.mu.Unlock()
	f, ok := c.cache.Frontends[name]
	if !ok {
		return
	}
	f.State = state
}

// applyVPPLogHeartbeat flips the cache.VPPState field based on the
// event's msg. vpp-connect and vpp-api-{send,recv}* are treated as
// "VPP is up" signals; vpp-disconnect flips to "down". Unrelated log
// events are a no-op. Called from handleEvent under the client's
// event-dispatch goroutine, so contention on mu is single-writer.
func (c *maglevClient) applyVPPLogHeartbeat(msg string) {
	var newState string
	switch {
	case msg == "vpp-connect":
		newState = "connected"
	case msg == "vpp-disconnect":
		newState = "disconnected"
	case strings.HasPrefix(msg, "vpp-api-send") || strings.HasPrefix(msg, "vpp-api-recv"):
		newState = "connected"
	default:
		return
	}
	c.mu.Lock()
	if c.cache.VPPState == newState {
		c.mu.Unlock()
		return
	}
	c.cache.VPPState = newState
	c.mu.Unlock()
	payload, _ := json.Marshal(VPPStatusPayload{State: newState})
	c.broker.Publish(BrowserEvent{
		Maglevd:  c.name,
		Type:     "vpp-status",
		AtUnixNs: time.Now().UnixNano(),
		Payload:  payload,
	})
	// VPP just came back: pull fresh LB state so the bucket column
	// repopulates immediately instead of waiting up to 30s for the
	// next refresh tick. On vpp-disconnect the next fetch will fail
	// and clear the cache, which is also the right behaviour.
	c.triggerLBStateFetch()
}

func (c *maglevClient) applyBackendTransition(name string, tr *TransitionRecord) {
	c.mu.Lock()
	defer c.mu.Unlock()
	b, ok := c.cache.Backends[name]
	if !ok {
		// Partial-create fallback for a transition that arrives before
		// the first refreshAll has seen this backend. The real fields
		// (address, healthcheck, pool memberships) are filled in on
		// the next refresh tick; here we just stamp Name so the entry
		// exists.
		b = &BackendSnapshot{Name: name}
		c.cache.Backends[name] = b
		c.cache.BackendsOrder = append(c.cache.BackendsOrder, name)
	}
	b.State = tr.To
	// Derive Enabled from State. In maglevd, state="disabled" and
	// config.enabled=false are two ways of expressing the same
	// condition — DisableBackend / EnableBackend flip both together,
	// and no other state corresponds to enabled=false. Keeping them
	// in sync in the reducer closes a race where the cache's cached
	// Enabled could lag behind state by up to a refreshLoop tick,
	// causing the SPA to render a bogus [disabled] tag next to an
	// "up" badge on a freshly-re-enabled backend.
	b.Enabled = tr.To != "disabled"
	b.LastTransition = tr
	b.Transitions = append(b.Transitions, tr)
	// Cap history to the most recent 20 entries to mirror what maglevd
	// returns from GetBackend.
	if len(b.Transitions) > 20 {
		b.Transitions = b.Transitions[len(b.Transitions)-20:]
	}
}

// refreshLoop pulls a fresh snapshot every 30s to catch anything the live
// event stream may have missed (e.g. during a brief gRPC reconnect).
func (c *maglevClient) refreshLoop(ctx context.Context) {
	t := time.NewTicker(30 * time.Second)
	defer t.Stop()
	for {
		select {
		case <-ctx.Done():
			return
		case <-t.C:
			if err := c.refreshAll(ctx); err != nil {
				slog.Debug("refresh-all", "maglevd", c.name, "err", err)
			}
		}
	}
}

// healthLoop issues a cheap GetVPPInfo every 5s to surface connection drops
// quickly. Errors flip the connection indicator; recoveries trigger a
// refreshAll so the cache catches up.
func (c *maglevClient) healthLoop(ctx context.Context) {
	t := time.NewTicker(5 * time.Second)
	defer t.Stop()
	for {
		select {
		case <-ctx.Done():
			return
		case <-t.C:
			hctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 2*time.Second)
			_, err := c.api.GetVPPInfo(hctx, &grpcapi.GetVPPInfoRequest{})
			cancel()
			if err != nil {
				c.setConnected(false, err.Error())
			} else {
				c.setConnected(true, "")
			}
		}
	}
}

// ---- proto → JSON helpers --------------------------------------------------

func frontendFromProto(fi *grpcapi.FrontendInfo) *FrontendSnapshot {
	out := &FrontendSnapshot{
		Name:        fi.GetName(),
		Address:     fi.GetAddress(),
		Protocol:    fi.GetProtocol(),
		Port:        fi.GetPort(),
		Description: fi.GetDescription(),
		SrcIPSticky: fi.GetSrcIpSticky(),
	}
	for _, p := range fi.GetPools() {
		ps := &PoolSnapshot{Name: p.GetName()}
		for _, pb := range p.GetBackends() {
			ps.Backends = append(ps.Backends, &PoolBackendSnapshot{
				Name:            pb.GetName(),
				Weight:          pb.GetWeight(),
				EffectiveWeight: pb.GetEffectiveWeight(),
			})
		}
		out.Pools = append(out.Pools, ps)
	}
	return out
}

func backendFromProto(bi *grpcapi.BackendInfo) *BackendSnapshot {
	out := &BackendSnapshot{
		Name:        bi.GetName(),
		Address:     bi.GetAddress(),
		State:       bi.GetState(),
		Enabled:     bi.GetEnabled(),
		HealthCheck: bi.GetHealthcheck(),
	}
	// maglevd stores and returns transitions newest-first (it prepends
	// in health.Backend.transition()). The client stores them
	// oldest-first so applyBackendTransition can simply append new
	// events to the end. Reverse on read to reconcile the two
	// conventions — then out.Transitions[n-1] is the newest, which is
	// the correct LastTransition.
	trs := bi.GetTransitions()
	out.Transitions = make([]*TransitionRecord, len(trs))
	for i, t := range trs {
		out.Transitions[len(trs)-1-i] = transitionFromProto(t)
	}
	if n := len(out.Transitions); n > 0 {
		out.LastTransition = out.Transitions[n-1]
	}
	return out
}

func transitionFromProto(t *grpcapi.TransitionRecord) *TransitionRecord {
	return &TransitionRecord{
		From:     t.GetFrom(),
		To:       t.GetTo(),
		AtUnixNs: t.GetAtUnixNs(),
	}
}

// triggerLBStateFetch sends a non-blocking wake to lbStateLoop. The
// channel has buffer 1 so coalesced bursts never block the publisher.
func (c *maglevClient) triggerLBStateFetch() {
	select {
	case c.lbWakeCh <- struct{}{}:
	default:
	}
}

// lbStateLoop consumes wake signals and calls GetVPPLBState, with a
// leading+trailing-edge debounce so we never exceed one fetch per
// minLBInterval (1s). The leading edge means the very first wake after
// an idle period fires immediately — important so a single isolated
// transition isn't artificially delayed by a second. The trailing edge
// means a burst of wakes during the cool-down still gets one final
// fetch right after the gate opens, so the SPA always converges to a
// post-burst snapshot rather than missing the last update.
func (c *maglevClient) lbStateLoop(ctx context.Context) {
	const minLBInterval = time.Second
	var (
		timer     *time.Timer
		lastFetch time.Time
	)
	timerCh := func() <-chan time.Time {
		if timer == nil {
			return nil
		}
		return timer.C
	}
	fire := func() {
		if timer != nil {
			if !timer.Stop() {
				select {
				case <-timer.C:
				default:
				}
			}
			timer = nil
		}
		c.fetchLBStateAndPublish(ctx)
		lastFetch = time.Now()
	}
	for {
		select {
		case <-ctx.Done():
			return
		case <-c.lbWakeCh:
			wait := minLBInterval - time.Since(lastFetch)
			if wait <= 0 {
				fire()
			} else if timer == nil {
				timer = time.NewTimer(wait)
			}
		case <-timerCh():
			timer = nil
			fire()
		}
	}
}

// fetchLBStateAndPublish runs one GetVPPLBState round-trip, rebuilds
// the per-frontend bucket map, swaps it into the cache, and broadcasts
// a "lb-state" BrowserEvent. On error the cache is cleared and an
// empty event is published so the SPA can switch the bucket column to
// em-dashes — clear-on-error is simpler than stale-but-visible and
// doesn't risk showing a confusing snapshot from before VPP died.
func (c *maglevClient) fetchLBStateAndPublish(ctx context.Context) {
	fctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 5*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	lbs, err := c.api.GetVPPLBState(fctx, &grpcapi.GetVPPLBStateRequest{})
	if err != nil {
		c.mu.Lock()
		had := c.cache.LBState != nil
		c.cache.LBState = nil
		c.mu.Unlock()
		slog.Debug("lb-state-fetch", "maglevd", c.name, "err", err)
		if had {
			c.publishLBState(nil)
		}
		return
	}
	snap := c.buildLBStateSnapshot(lbs)
	c.mu.Lock()
	c.cache.LBState = snap
	c.mu.Unlock()
	c.publishLBState(snap.PerFrontend)
}

func (c *maglevClient) publishLBState(perFrontend map[string]map[string]int32) {
	payload, _ := json.Marshal(LBStatePayload{PerFrontend: perFrontend})
	c.broker.Publish(BrowserEvent{
		Maglevd:  c.name,
		Type:     "lb-state",
		AtUnixNs: time.Now().UnixNano(),
		Payload:  payload,
	})
}

// buildLBStateSnapshot translates a VPP-side state record (keyed by
// CIDR/protocol/port and AS address) into a maglev-side record (keyed
// by frontend name and backend name). Unmatched VIPs and unmatched AS
// addresses are silently skipped — they're benign side effects of a
// transient sync gap or a backend address that's only present in one
// of the two universes.
func (c *maglevClient) buildLBStateSnapshot(lbs *grpcapi.VPPLBState) *LBStateSnapshot {
	c.mu.RLock()
	feByVIP := make(map[string]string, len(c.cache.Frontends))
	for _, f := range c.cache.Frontends {
		feByVIP[lbVIPKey(f.Address, f.Protocol, f.Port)] = f.Name
	}
	backendByAddr := make(map[string]string, len(c.cache.Backends))
	for _, b := range c.cache.Backends {
		backendByAddr[b.Address] = b.Name
	}
	c.mu.RUnlock()

	out := &LBStateSnapshot{PerFrontend: map[string]map[string]int32{}}
	for _, v := range lbs.GetVips() {
		feName, ok := feByVIP[lbVIPKey(stripLBHostMask(v.GetPrefix()), lbProtoString(v.GetProtocol()), v.GetPort())]
		if !ok {
			continue
		}
		row := out.PerFrontend[feName]
		if row == nil {
			row = map[string]int32{}
			out.PerFrontend[feName] = row
		}
		for _, as := range v.GetApplicationServers() {
			bname, ok := backendByAddr[as.GetAddress()]
			if !ok {
				continue
			}
			row[bname] = int32(as.GetNumBuckets())
		}
	}
	return out
}

// lbVIPKey is the join key between a maglev FrontendSnapshot and a
// VPP-side VPPLBVIP record. Stripping the mask and lower-casing the
// protocol gives a canonical form that both sides can produce.
func lbVIPKey(addr, proto string, port uint32) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/%d", addr, strings.ToLower(proto), port)
}

// lbProtoString mirrors maglevc's protoString — kept local to avoid a
// cross-package import for two trivial helpers.
func lbProtoString(p uint32) string {
	switch p {
	case 6:
		return "tcp"
	case 17:
		return "udp"
	case 255:
		return "any"
	}
	return fmt.Sprintf("%d", p)
}

// stripLBHostMask trims "/32" or "/128" from a VPP host-prefix VIP so
// it can be compared against a maglev FrontendSnapshot.Address (which
// is bare). Other shapes are returned unchanged.
func stripLBHostMask(prefix string) string {
	if strings.HasSuffix(prefix, "/32") || strings.HasSuffix(prefix, "/128") {
		return prefix[:strings.LastIndexByte(prefix, '/')]
	}
	return prefix
}

func healthCheckFromProto(h *grpcapi.HealthCheckInfo) *HealthCheckSnapshot {
	return &HealthCheckSnapshot{
		Name:           h.GetName(),
		Type:           h.GetType(),
		Port:           h.GetPort(),
		IntervalNs:     h.GetIntervalNs(),
		FastIntervalNs: h.GetFastIntervalNs(),
		DownIntervalNs: h.GetDownIntervalNs(),
		TimeoutNs:      h.GetTimeoutNs(),
		Rise:           h.GetRise(),
		Fall:           h.GetFall(),
	}
}